Navegando por Autor "Osipi, Carlos Botelho Pereira"

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    Avaliação de associações de herbicidas na dessecação de Digitaria insularis e Chloris spp.
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Osipi, Lucas; Dario, Gustavo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-6881; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5682942731827088; Dario, Gustavo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-6881; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5682942731827088; Ferreira, Silvio Douglas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-4498; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0270087159948589; Osipi, Carlos Botelho Pereira; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4413-8990; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5479672922589164
    The increasing occurrence of Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) and Chloris. spp. populations resistant to glyphosate, as well as cases of resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides, has reduced the effectiveness of chemical control and increased the need for alternative weed management strategies. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different herbicide mixtures for the control of these species under field conditions. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Luiz Meneghel Campus, in Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil, using a randomized complete block design with fourteen treatments and six replications for D. insularis and five replications for Chloris spp.. Treatments consisted of glufosinate applied alone and mixtures of glufosinate or glyphosate with MSMA, metribuzin, nicosulfuron, imazamox, imazethapyr, and clomazone. Weed control was visually assessed using a percentage rating scale at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 42 days after application (DAA). The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and treatment means were compared using the Scott-Knott test at the 5% significance level. For D. insularis, treatments containing glufosinate provided faster initial control than glyphosate-based mixtures, with the glufosinate + imazamox mixture showing the highest control levels throughout the experimental period. A similar response was observed for Chloris spp., with superior initial control obtained by glufosinate-containing treatments and satisfactory performance of mixtures containing clomazone, imazamox, and imazethapyr. Overall, the highest control levels were recorded between 21 and 28 DAA, followed by a decline in control efficiency at 42 DAA due to weed regrowth. It was concluded that herbicide mixtures containing glufosinate, particularly in combination with imazamox, represent promising alternatives for the management of D. insularis and Chloris spp., contributing to the diversification of herbicide modes of action and reducing reliance on glyphosate for the management of these important weed species.
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    Dissertação
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    Terbutilazina na entressafra: período de segurança pré-semeadura e seletividade para soja em solos de textura contrastantes
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Osipi, Carlos Botelho Pereira; Osipe, Jethro Barros; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6453-3090; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9692340257207288; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Osipe, Jethro Barros; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6453-3090; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9692340257207288; Gustavo, Dário; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-6881; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5682942731827088; Dias, Roque de Carvalho; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5433-5373; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5490315867189084
    Chemical weed control during the off-season allows interventions when weeds are still at earlier growth stages and broadens the range of available herbicide modes of action, which supports herbicide rotation. However, this practice also raises concerns about residual activity on the succeeding crop and the potential risk of crop injury. Terbuthylazine has emerged as a potential alternative to atrazine. Understanding its behavior in soils with contrasting textures, as well as its potential to injure currently used soybean cultivars, is essential for establishing safe recommendations. This study aimed to: (i) determine the minimum interval required between terbuthylazine application and soybean sowing in sandy- and clay-textured soils; and (ii) identify differences in soybean cultivar sensitivity to terbuthylazine. To address objective (i), two field experiments were conducted in Assis, São Paulo State, Brazil (sandy Oxisol, 15% clay) and Bandeirantes, Paraná State, Brazil (clayey Rhodic Eutrudox, 60% clay), using terbuthylazine rates of 0.6 and 0.8 kg a.i. ha⁻¹ applied at 48, 36, 24, 12, and 0 days before soybean sowing (cultivar NK 6630). For objective (ii), the sensitivity of five soybean cultivars was evaluated under greenhouse conditions based on crop injury, chlorophyll content (SPAD index), fresh mass, and dry mass. In the sandy soil, the minimum safe interval was 32 days for both herbicide rates. In the clayey soil, no effect on yield was observed, regardless of rate or application timing. Genotypic variability in cultivar response was observed: NK 6630 was the most sensitive material, showing greater crop injury and lower SPAD values, whereas Monsoy 6601 was the most tolerant, with lower levels of crop injury.