Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia

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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia por Autor "Almeida, Adriana Queiroz de"

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    Promotor hormonal de crescimento de plantas e seus efeitos no crescimento de plântulas e rendimento de trigo
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-02-19) Martins, Gabriel Zanardo; Silva, Sérgio Ricardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-8324; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8067599760812752; Silva, Sérgio Ricardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-8324; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8067599760812752; Almeida, Adriana Queiroz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-4720; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1766595246938409; Kolln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100
    Several plant growth promoter substances have been commercialized for use in agriculture, especially synthetic hormones, such as kinetin (KIN, cytokinin), gibberellic acid (GA₃, gibberellin), and indolbutyric acid (IBA, auxin). However, there is a lack of scientific work to prove the agronomic effect of these substances used together on the main agricultural crops. The objective of this work was to evaluate a hormone plant growth promoter (HPGP: 0.09 g L⁻¹ of KIN, 0.05 g L⁻¹ of GA₃, and 0.05 g L⁻¹ of IBA) and its effects on seedling growth and wheat plant yield, considering different environmental conditions. Experiments were performed in a greenhouse and in an agricultural production field. Two independent experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. The first was performed on Germitest® paper and the second in soil. In both cases, randomized block designs were used. The first trial, with 10 replicates, was carried out in a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial arrangement, being two wheat genotypes (BRS Gralha-Azul and BRS Sanhaço), two HPGP rates (0 and 5 mL kg⁻¹) applied on the seeds, and four periods (2, 4, 6, and 8 days after sowing - DAS) of seedling growth, totaling 160 experimental units. The second trial had four replicates, with treatments disposed in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, being two wheat genotypes (Gralha-Azul and BRS Sanhaço), two HPGP rates (0 and 5 mL kg⁻¹) applied on the seeds, and two HPGP rates (0 and 0.5 L ha⁻¹) applied on the leaves, totaling 32 experimental units. It was evaluated the root growth (number of roots/seedling, and total root length/seedling) and the leaf growth (length, width, and area). The application of HPGP on the seeds delayed the initial root growth and the leaf area expansion. However, this inhibitory effect was reversed along with the advance of seedling age. The combined application of HPGP on the seeds and on the leaves caused an antagonistic effect, with systematic growth reduction of wheat seedling roots. In the field experiment, carried out in Londrina (PR) in the 2016 and 2017 crop seasons, a randomized block design was used, considering the 2 × 3 × 4 factorial arrangement. It was composed of two wheat genotypes (BRS Gralha-Azul and BRS Sanhaço), three HPGP rates (0, 5, and 10 mL kg⁻¹) applied directly on the seeds, and four rates of the HPGP (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 L ha⁻¹) sprayed on the leaves at full tillering (growth stage GS28 of the Zadoks' scale). Some grain yield components, the uptake and the utilization efficiency of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg of wheat cultivars were evaluated. The HPGP influenced some agronomic features of wheat plants, the utilization efficiency and the uptake of nutrients, mainly N. There was a diversity of interactions among genetic materials, HPGP application techniques, and environmental conditions, which resulted in an inconsistent plant response pattern to HPGP. We conclude that the HPGP delays the initial root growth and the leaf area expansion of seedlings, and influences the nutrient use efficiency by the plant; however, it does not change the wheat grain yield.