Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia

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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia por Autor "Amaral, Higo Forlan"

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    Atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo sob áreas de agricultura e mata nativa
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-02-23) Rocha, Leandro Mazo; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Amaral, Higo Forlan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5036-2646; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2040162561025228; Grange, Luciana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7386401516676219; Lescano, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064
    Soil is one of the essential natural resources, providing physical support for numerous species and serving as a growth medium for plants, supplying water and nutrients that sustain life on Earth. Accordingly, different soil management systems and practices directly influence soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, since soil tillage directly affects nutrient availability and quality. This study aimed to evaluate agricultural areas and a native forest fragment during winter and summer, using chemical and microbiological indicators of soil quality. The study was conducted in Bandeirantes, PR, Brazil, comparing areas under soybean, maize, sugarcane, and pasture, plus four native forest sites (Central Forest, Reforestation Area, Edge Site 1, and Edge Site 2) located adjacent to the cultivated areas. Chemical analyses included determination of soil organic matter, total organic carbon, pH, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, phosphorus, potassium, base sum, and cation exchange capacity. Microbiological analyses comprised microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration, metabolic quotient, and microbial quotient. The experimental design was completely randomized in an 8 × 2 factorial arrangement. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared using the Tukey test (p < 0.05). Chemical and microbiological attributes were evaluated separately by principal component analysis. Across most measured parameters, native vegetation areas showed greater microbial biomass, higher organic matter content, lower metabolic stress, and improved nutrient cycling efficiency compared with agricultural areas. Soils under different land-use and management systems therefore differed significantly in chemical and microbiological characteristics relative to the Atlantic Forest fragment, with differences being most pronounced in the topsoil layer. Land use influenced microbial activity consistently, with the most favorable conditions found under native forest. Among agricultural sites, soybean, maize, sugarcane, and pasture differed in key attributes such as pH, P, K, Ca, and Mg in the surface layer. Soybean and maize showed the highest fertility levels yet the lowest microbial biomass carbon values among cropped areas. Overall, microbiological attributes were similar across the four native vegetation sites, indicating consistent microbial biomass dynamics within the fragment.