Ciências Agrárias

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Aspectos biológicos de Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Hufnagel, 1767) e testes com nematoides entomopatogênicos (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae e Heterorhabditidae) visando o seu controle
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014) Giannasi, Andréia de Oliveira; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Ringenberg, Rudiney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-5535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3610407592944170; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452
The black-cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of economic importance in many cultures, including corn (Zea mays) reaching the potential loss of 20%, the lack of information about its impact on corn motivated a comparison of their biology, in the larval and pupal stages with artificial and natural diet (corn leaf). Entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs) present along with one bacterial symbiont association that manages to control insects. The infective juvenile nematodes of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis Heterorhabditis seek their hosts in the soil and, when they find them in their natural openings penetrate or pierce their cuticle killing the insect within 48 hours. In the laboratory, larvae were individually and fed with artificial diet and corn leaf daily to assess the biological parameters of duration and viability of larval instars, and total duration of each individual instar larval and pupal sex ratio, deformation, mass of caterpillars and pupae, consumption and utilization of food. Was also made in the selection of isolates of NEPs laboratory using nine isolates, namely: Heterorhabditis amazonensis (RSC05); Heterorhabditis indica (IBCB-n05); H. sp. (JPM4), H. sp. (IBCB-n40); H. sp. (NEPET 11); H. sp. (IBCB-n44); H. sp. (Alho); Steinernema carpocapsae (IBCB-n02) and S. sp. (CH3). Test was also performed with different stages in the larval and pupal stages, various concentrations of test (0 – witness, 50 JIs/cm2, 100 JIs/cm2, 150 JIs/cm2 and 200 JIs/cm2) of NEPs and in vivo production in Galleria mellonella L. caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) with isolated IBCB-n02, IBCB-n05 and Alho, where the concentration of selection test and 3º instar larvae of A. ipsilon and test at home a greenhouse were used. The biology of life, the caterpillars that were fed corn leaf had higher larval duration and greater deformity in adults and pupae, and larvae fed on artificial diet had greater viability of larvae and pupae and shorter larval duration, caterpillars fed with diet artificial ate more food, produced more feces, gained more weight and metabolized more food. In selecting only isolated NEPET 11 did not reach efficient mortality (10%), which differed from the rest that was above 80% to 100% with the isolated CH3. In the test with different stages in the larval stage and pupal stage no single reached higher mortality when compared with the 3º instar larvae in different concentrations of NEPs, isolated Alho reached 10% mortality for the concentration of 50 JIs/cm2 and isolated IBCB-n05 reached 100% mortality at a concentration of 200 JIs/cm2. In production test in vivo isolated Alho showed the highest production was 112 138 IJs / larva of G. mellonella. In-house-vegetation isolated IBCB-n02 caused higher mortality differed from the control. The results of this study show that different isolates NEPs have infectivity in the laboratory efficient (greater than 80%) for use in biological control programs for A. ipsilon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos biológicos de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) criadas em dieta artificial contendo diferentes fontes proteicas
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020-10-30) Borges, Gabriele do Prado; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Silva, Gabriela Vieira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-0391; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6593862082231188
This work aimed to test different protein sources in artificial diets for the rearing of Diatraea saccharalis. The experiment was conducted in the Entomology-Nematology and Insect Pests laboratories of the Luiz Meneghel Campus, at the State University of Northern Paraná. Oatmeal, sweet potato, fubá mimoso, flaxseed, rice, coarse cornmeal, canjiquinha, corn flakes, and sweet potatoes in natura, in the colors orange, white, purple, and common, were evaluated as protein sources. In view of the large number of treatments, the experiment was divided into stages as follows: Stage 1: The above-mentioned protein sources were evaluated and divided into three test batches (1a, 1b, and 1c). For this purpose, five newly hatched caterpillars were placed in flat-bottom glass tubes (40 per diet). At the end of the larval period, the pupae were individualized in 50 mL plastic cups and after 24 h were weighed and separated by sex. In Stages 1a, 1b, and 1c, the following were evaluated: duration of the larval and pupal period, weight and sexing of pupae, number of pupae and adults formed, and larval and pupal viability. Stage 2: the development of D. saccharalis fed a standard diet (used in a biofactory) was compared with the oatmeal diet that performed best in Stage 1. Five newly hatched caterpillars were placed in flat-bottom glass tubes (40 per diet); after the pupal phase, 30 adult couples were formed from each of the two diets for collection and daily egg counting until the death of the adults, evaluating adult longevity and total number of eggs per female of D. saccharalis. In Stage 1a, the highest number of pupae were obtained and, consequently, the highest larval viability for insects fed with oatmeal and sweet potato flour. In Stage 1b, oatmeal continued to show a shorter duration of the larval and pupal period, and in Stage 1c, white sweet potato showed a shorter duration of the larval and pupal period and higher larval viability. In Stage 2, oatmeal showed a shorter duration of the larval period, and the diet from Plant B showed a shorter duration of the pupal period. In the diet containing oatmeal, the treatment without food resulted in greater adult longevity. The protein source that showed the best response to the biological parameters of D. saccharalis was oatmeal.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade nematicida de extratos de Brugmansia suaveolens sobre Meloidogyne incognita
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Venâncio, Stéphany de Campos; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Silva, Santino Aleandro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1019-1926; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8341476195396585
Meloidogyne incognita stands out as one of the most aggressive and widely distributed species in tropical regions, causing severe damage to plant root systems. The need for alternatives to synthetic nematicides drives research into plant-based compounds with biological potential and lower environmental impact. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts from leaves and flowers of Brugmansia suaveolens (Solanaceae) on second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. incognita. The experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, using J2 obtained from infected tomato roots, processed with sodium hypochlorite solution and filtered through 250 and 500 mesh sieves. The suspensions containing J2 were exposed to two types of extracts (aqueous and hydroalcoholic) at different concentrations, and a negative control was performed with distilled water. The mortality of the juveniles was evaluated after 24 hours of exposure, and the data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p<0.05). The aqueous extracts caused higher mortality of M. incognita J2, with the flower extract causing up to 98% mortality in all concentrations evaluated and showing no significant difference. The aqueous leaf extract, on the other hand, showed dose-dependent mortality, with values varying according to the dose tested. For the hydroalcoholic extracts, mortality was observed in the extracts obtained from flowers and leaves, with values ranging from 46 to 59% mortality. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the detection and identification of volatile chemical constituents present in B. suaveolens extracts confirmed significant differences between the extracts, both in terms of the extraction method and the part of the plant used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da produção in vivo, alternativas de meio de cultura e diferentes concentrações de inóculo para produção in vitro de Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Isolado UEL 08)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022) Doneze, Gabriela Souza; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Alves, Luis Francisco Angeli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-764X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0613029292752945
Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN) are obligate parasites that have an association with symbiotic bacteria and cause mortality in insects, so they are excellent agents in biological control. EPN-based products are a reality outside Brazil, but here, they are still scarce due to the difficulty of large-scale production. On the other hand, the native isolate Heterorhabditis amazonensis (UEL 08) was evaluated as a potential agent for use in the control of the avian rattlesnake, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Although pathogenicity and virulence tests on the insect indicate that this is a promising isolate, there is no evidence that it can be produced on a large scale and used to control this pest. Therefore, this work aimed to perform in vivo and in vitro production tests of isolate UEL 08. For the in vivo test, Galleria mellonella larvae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used as host and the production per larva, per gram of larva and total production was evaluated. In vitro production was evaluated using solid and semi-solid medium containing different fat sources (corn, canola, cotton, soybean, coconut, pork fat and bovine milk butter). Subsequently, different inoculum sizes (1,000, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500 and 10,000 Infecting Juveniles (IJs)/fry) were evaluated. The trials were conducted in an entirely randomized design, with four replicates for each treatment. In the in vivo production assay we observed a production of 6.5 × 10⁴ IJs/larva and a total production of 6.5 × 10⁵ IJs/repetition. In in vitro production in solid medium, there was a difference between the fat sources used, with corn oil providing the highest production with 926.5 IJs/mL of medium. In semi-solid medium, corn oil also showed the best production, with 3.2 × 10⁴ IJs/mL, differing from all other fat sources evaluated. The IJs produced both in solid and semi-solid medium were virulent when applied on G. mellonella larvae, with mortality values approaching 100%. The best inoculum concentration in semi-solid medium was 1,000 IJs/well.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bases biológicas de Trichogramma pretiosum (Riley, 1879) (Hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) e nematoides entomopatogênicos sobre Rachiplusia nu (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: noctuidae) na cultura da soja
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2024) Andrade, Nathália Costalonga; Bueno, Adeney de Freitas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-5845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7329418125245335; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Silva, Gabriela Vieira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-0391; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6593862082231188; Carvalho, Vanessa Andalo Mendes de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6310-1680; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132224406035792; Bueno, Adeney de Freitas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-5845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7329418125245335
Brazil is considered the world's largest producer of soybeans (Glycine max) and has high levels of use of Bt soybeans, which provide control over various caterpillars that attack this crop, such as the species Rachiplusia nu (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). However, the occurrence of this species has been reported in some Brazilian states on Bt soybeans (Cry1Ac), which may indicate resistance, increasing its importance as a pest insect. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the biological bases of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and entomopathogenic nematodes (NEP) of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema with a view to controlling R. nu, separately. To this end, tests were carried out with the parasitoid T. pretiosum to assess its biological characteristics and parasitism capacity on R. nu eggs at temperatures of 20, 25 and 30ºC. The parameters evaluated in the biology tests were: duration of development (egg-adult); percentage of emergence (viability); number of individuals per egg and sex ratio. The parasitism capacity was also assessed at the same temperatures, and the following biological parameters were observed: number of eggs parasitized daily; cumulative percentage of parasitism; total number of eggs parasitized per female and female longevity. For the NEP, experiments were carried out on the selection of isolates (pathogenicity and virulence), the efficiency of different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 IJ/cm²) and tests on production (total production, production per caterpillar, production per gram of R. nu caterpillar). As for the data on parasitoid action, in the experiments on biology, the parameters percentage emergence and number of parasitoids per egg were not affected by the conditions studied. As for the sex ratio, the results obtained at 25 and 30ºC and the duration of development (egg-adult) showed differences between the three temperatures. In the capacity bioassays, the parasitism rate of T. pretiosum was directly influenced by temperature, and longevity was greater as the temperature decreased, while the accumulated percentage of parasitism varied from 6 to 10 days, from the highest temperature to the lowest, respectively. The highest number of parasitized eggs was 46 eggs per female. As a result of the NEP selection, isolates UEL07 and UENP06 were selected, both Heterorhabditis amazonensis, which showed 100% mortality in R. nu. At all concentrations, the nematodes were pathogenic on R. nu, with results of 98 to 100% mortality at the highest concentration used for isolates UENP06 and UEL07, respectively. Finally, the average total production of NEP was 2.9 × 10⁴ for UENP06 and 3.9 × 10⁴ for UEL07.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Compatibilidade entre produtos fitossanitários utilizados na cultura da mandioca e agentes entomopatogênicos
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2016-09-26) Alboneti, Adriano Lúcio; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Ringenberger, Rudiney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-5535; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Torres , João Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-9872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2582950118304206; Zart, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5725233543133554; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449
This study aimed to assess the compatibility of commercial phytosanitary products used in the cassava crop, namely herbicides and insecticides/fungicides, regarding biological parameters of the entomopathogenic fungus M. anisopliae isolate UNIOESTE 86 and the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sp. isolate NEPET 11. Phytosanitary products were used at the labeled recommended dose (RD), half the recommended dose (½ RD) and twice the dose (2RD) for M. anisopliae, and RD for Heterorhabditis sp. For M. anisopliae, the biological parameters of germination, colony-forming unit, vegetative growth, and conidial production were evaluated. For Heterorhabditis sp., viability and infectivity were evaluated. Among the tested phytosanitary products, only Gaucho® proved moderately toxic at all three doses tested for M. anisopliae; no product was toxic to the fungus. Regarding the nematode, only the product Curyom® interfered with its infective capacity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Identificação molecular e caracterização morfológica do isolado de nematoide entomopatogênico Heterorhabditis sp. Uenpn-01 obtido em área de pastagem no município de Ribeirão Claro, Paraná
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020) Macedo, Mariana Ferracin de; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Guide, Bruna Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7288306329944786; Ferreira, Dhiego Gomes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-6556; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7326714947358202
Nematodes are worms belonging to the Phylum Nematoda, which have diversified habits, with parasitic groups of plants, human parasites and also insect parasitic nematodes, known as entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs). NEPs can be found practically all over the world, being isolated from different ecosystems from soil samples, or from infected insects found in the field, and in Brazil, there are approximately 54 registered isolates. In the state of Paraná, there is only one species of entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis amazonensis, showing the importance and the need to better understand this group of entomopathogens in our state. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify and characterize a nematode isolate belonging to the genus Heterorhabditis sp., Isolated in the city of Ribeirão Claro, PR. The isolation was obtained by collecting soil, and the technique of "live baits" with caterpillars of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was used. The molecular identification of the NEP isolate was carried out by amplifying the ITS region and also the D2D3 region, as well as by measuring structures for morphological identification. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photos were also taken to analyze morphological structures. In addition, the pathogenicity of G. mellonella caterpillars and observation of the life cycle were evaluated. In the molecular identification process from the ITS region, 98.64% similarity was observed with Heterorhabditis mexicana and 98.57% with Heterorhabditis taysearae, and in the D2D3 region, 96.94% similarity with H. mexicana. Regarding the morphological identification, it was observed that the isolate presents differences in measurements when compared to H. mexicana, however it has a similar characteristic in males in which the excretory pore is located posteriorly to the basal bulb. In the SEM photos, it is possible to observe structures of the hermaphroditic females, second generation females and males, observing the presence of the labial papillae in all NEPs in the anterior region. In females, the vulva is observed in the median region of the body, as well as the tail and anus in the posterior region. In males, in the posterior part, the tail and spike can be noticed. In the pathogenicity test, the isolate caused 88% mortality of G. mellonella caterpillars, and as for the life cycle, the UENPn-01 isolate presented a cycle characteristic of the genus Heterorhabditis, with the first generation of hermaphrodite females only, followed by three generations with the presence of males and females, totaling four complete generations within the host.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Identificação molecular, caracterização bioquímica e prospecção de metabólitos secundários produzidos por Photorhabdus sp.
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021) Brito, Cássia de Fátima Pereira de; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Lescano, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064; Ferreira, Dhiego Gomes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-6556; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7326714947358202
This study aimed to identify the symbiont bacteria of four isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs) of the genus Heterorhabditis sp. (isolates UENP-n 04, 05, 06 and UEL 08), native to Northern Paraná, and to perform the molecular, biochemical and biological characterization of these bacteria, besides prospecting the production capacity of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial, fungicidal and insecticidal effects. The bacteria were isolated from the hemolymph of larvae of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and molecular identification was done by amplification of part of the 16S rRNA gene. It was also characterized by biochemical tests for motility, Gram staining, lipase, protease, lecithinase and bioluminescence activity and evaluated the production of antimicrobial compounds against the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The pathogenicity on insects was evaluated on caterpillars of G. mellonella, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the fungicidal effect on the fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana. Furthermore, the production of secondary metabolites from extracts was prospected and evaluated for their insecticidal effect on G. mellonella (oral application and via hemolymph), antimicrobial effect on S. aureus, E. coli, and B. thuringiensis bacteria, and fungicidal effect on M. anisopliae and B. bassiana fungi. Three bacterial strains obtained were identified as belonging to the species Photorhabdus luminescens (P05, P06 and L08) and the other as Photorhabdus asymbiotica (P04). As for the biochemical tests, all strains were positive for motility, lipase and protease activity, and bromothymol blue uptake, but negative for lecithinase activity. When inoculated into the hemolymph of G. mellonella, S. frugiperda and A. gemmatalis larvae as suspension, the strains were highly virulent, causing mortality above 85% in all three caterpillar species. When evaluated at different concentrations, P04 proved to be more aggressive, killing over 95% of the infected caterpillars in all concentrations evaluated after 18 hours of inoculation. Regarding the antimicrobial effect, it was observed that the four bacterial strains showed positive activity inhibiting the growth of B. thuringiensis and S. aureus, but only P04 showed antimicrobial effect against E. coli. The effect of the aqueous extracts obtained from the bacterial cultures P04 showed positive results for fungicidal action on B. bassiana and M. anisopliae and the extract from the L08 strain showed antimicrobial effect on S. aureus bacteria, but showed no insecticidal effect on G. mellonella when inoculated in the hemolymph or when ingested.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Nematoides entomopatogênicos no controle do percevejo Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020) Cecconello, Douglas Martins; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Roggia, Samuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-1766; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7838859762028852; Guide, Bruna Aparecida; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3988-606X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7288306329944786; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518
Soybean cultivation is extremely important for human and animal nutrition; however, many factors can limit its production, such as the occurrence of phytophagous pests that cause injury to plants, making it necessary to control these insects when their population goes out of control. Among these pests, the brown stink bug (Euschistus heros) stands out as one of the main pests of this crop, and aiming at sustainable control of this insect, this work aimed to evaluate the potential of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) on E. heros under laboratory and field conditions. Firstly, an isolate selection test was carried out, in which eight strains were evaluated, all of the genus Heterorhabditis. Selection tests were conducted using stink bug populations from the field and from the laboratory. In addition to the selection, compatibility tests of isolates with azadirachtin, synergism tests of azadirachtin with the nematode, and field control tests were also carried out. The isolates IBCB-n 46 and NEPET 11 were the ones that caused mortality of up to 100% of E. heros adults, and the regional isolate that stood out the most was UENP 05, reaching up to 52.5% control, with the isolates IBCB-n 46 and UENP 05 being selected for the field stage. The isolate IBCB-n 46 did not show compatibility with azadirachtin, which was considered slightly harmful and reduced its viability and infectivity. As for the synergism test, the results were negative. The first field trial did not show a significant control result, due to lack of soil moisture and the high rate of parasitism presented by the insects. In the second field trial, the control values for E. heros reared in the laboratory by UENP 05 were 18% and for IBCB-n 46 11%, and for the population collected in the field, 12% and 15%, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Parâmetros biológicos de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e potencial de nematoides entomopatogênicos para manejo na soja
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Tominaga, Bruna Kanno; Alves , Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Silva, Marco Aurélio Tramontin da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1019-1926; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8341476195396585; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153
Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker, 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of great economic importance that affects several crops, making the adoption of control measures essential once it is detected in the field. Knowledge of its life cycle, colony optimization, and the identification of efficient natural enemies are fundamental steps for the development of management programs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the biology of S. cosmioides under different diets and to improve evaluations of the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in its management under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the biology of S. cosmioides fed on an artificial diet and soybean leaves. In addition, the survival of S. cosmioides after EPN inoculation in pupae, the foliar consumption of larvae over time after EPN inoculation, and the survival of EPNs applied to the aerial parts of soybean plants under greenhouse conditions were assessed. Differences in the life cycle duration of S. cosmioides were observed depending on the diet, both in early instars and in the pupal and adult stages. The artificial diet resulted in a shorter life cycle and higher female fecundity. In the nematode assays, EPN inoculation reduced foliar consumption of S. cosmioides by more than 65% after 24 hours. After foliar application on soybean plants in greenhouse conditions, both isolates showed 100% infectivity, causing mortality in Galleria mellonella. However, there was a rapid decline in efficacy over time, with reduced mortality after 12 hours and no effect after 36 hours, indicating loss of viability of infective juveniles (IJs). In the soil, however, survival was higher, with an average infectivity of 54.7% and stability of the UEL08 isolate over 72 hours. The effectiveness against pupae was low (0–4%), with no differences among treatments. It is concluded that the Greene diet is a viable alternative for maintaining S. cosmioides colonies, and that EPNs have potential for use in its control, as they significantly reduced foliar consumption of infected larvae. On the other hand, foliar application without adjuvants is not viable, since a rapid loss of IJ viability and infectivity was observed, indicating the need for further studies to develop strategies to enhance IJ survival over longer periods.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quintais produtivos e segurança alimentar: práticas agroecológicas no Norte Pioneiro do Paraná
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2025) Wesgueber, Nataly de Oliveira; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Silva, Diego Contiero da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-034X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6613984286184275; Franco, Danilo Miralha; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8429; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1216021913375180; Hata, Fernando Teruhiko; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-743X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9498242631830029; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6613984286184275; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1216021913375180; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9498242631830029; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-034X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8429; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-743X; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115
Family farming, which is predominant in the state of Paraná, accounts for approximately 90% of rural establishments. A significant portion of these properties are smaller than one fiscal module, limiting their economic viability and compromising both food security and household income. In this context, productive home gardens emerge as a sustainable, low-cost, and highly diverse agroecological alternative. These spaces contribute directly to the production of healthy food, the preservation of traditional knowledge, and the generation of complementary income. This study aimed to characterize productive home gardens in the Northern Pioneer region of Paraná, analyzing their impact on food and nutritional security, eating habits, and the autonomy of the families involved. The research employed semi-structured questionnaires applied to family farmers who maintain productive home gardens, collecting socioeconomic data, diversity of cultivated species, management practices, and the frequency of consumption of fresh and ultra-processed foods. The results showed that most gardens are managed by women and rely on sustainable practices such as organic fertilization, biological pest control, and agroecological preparations. A wide variety of vegetables, fruits, medicinal and culinary plants was observed, promoting balanced diets. Despite the increasing presence of ultra-processed foods, those grown in home gardens still dominate the families' diets, highlighting their role as tools of nutritional and cultural resistance. In addition to promoting food sovereignty, these gardens contribute to biodiversity conservation, reduced dependency on external inputs, and improved quality of rural life. A biodiversity-rich, regionally adapted, and easily replicable garden model was developed, reinforcing its potential as a strategy for sustainable rural development and food security.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quintais produtivos e segurança alimentar: práticas agroecológicas no Norte Pioneiro do Paraná
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2025) Wesgueber, Nataly de Oliveira; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Silva, Diego Contiero da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-034X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6613984286184275; Franco, Danilo Miralha; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8429; https://lattes.cnpq.br/121602191337518; Hata, Fernando Teruhiko; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-743X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9498242631830029; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452
Family farming, which is predominant in the state of Paraná, accounts for approximately 90% of rural establishments. A significant portion of these properties are smaller than one fiscal module, limiting their economic viability and compromising both food security and household income. In this context, productive home gardens emerge as a sustainable, low-cost, and highly diverse agroecological alternative. These spaces contribute directly to the production of healthy food, the preservation of traditional knowledge, and the generation of complementary income. This study aimed to characterize productive home gardens in the Northern Pioneer region of Paraná, analyzing their impact on food and nutritional security, eating habits, and the autonomy of the families involved. The research employed semi-structured questionnaires applied to family farmers who maintain productive home gardens, collecting socioeconomic data, diversity of cultivated species, management practices, and the frequency of consumption of fresh and ultra-processed foods. The results showed that most gardens are managed by women and rely on sustainable practices such as organic fertilization, biological pest control, and agroecological preparations. A wide variety of vegetables, fruits, medicinal and culinary plants was observed, promoting balanced diets. Despite the increasing presence of ultra-processed foods, those grown in home gardens still dominate the families' diets, highlighting their role as tools of nutritional and cultural resistance. In addition to promoting food sovereignty, these gardens contribute to biodiversity conservation, reduced dependency on external inputs, and improved quality of rural life. A biodiversity-rich, regionally adapted, and easily replicable garden model was developed, reinforcing its potential as a strategy for sustainable rural development and food security.

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