Navegando por Autor "Campos Júnior, Jorge Furtado de"

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    Efeitos dos exercícios de pilates no equilíbrio postural e quedas em pessoas idosas: revisão sistemática e meta-análise
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023) Campos Júnior, Jorge Furtado de; Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-9305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6247518975926252; Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-9305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6247518975926252; Santos, Claudinei Ferreira dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-4051; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3714147530384082; Oliveira, Deise Aparecida de Almeida Pires; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5765-1897; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7663275220903598
    Introduction: Older adults suffer from a series of negative health factors due to the natural aging process, such as decreased postural balance, which can lead to the incidence of falls and their consequences. To mitigate this problem, the regular and systematic practice of physical exercises is indicated. Among the possibilities, Pilates exercises stand out, which are well accepted and have been increasingly sought after by older adults. Previous systematic review and meta-analysis studies have shown that Pilates exercises are effective on dynamic postural balance in elderly people, but did not present a consensus regarding the effects on static balance and falls. Objective: To verify the effects of Pilates exercises on postural balance and falls in older adults. Methods: Randomized and controlled clinical trials (RCTs) whose intervention occurred through Pilates exercises and as outcome investigated at least one variable related to postural balance or falls in older adults were considered eligible. The searches took place in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, LILACS and PEDro. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale, in which studies with a score \< 6 were considered of low methodological quality. Meta-analysis calculations were performed by the standardized mean difference between Pilates and control, or Pilates and other forms of intervention groups. Heterogeneity was quantified by I² statistics and Cochran's Q test. Effect sizes were considered statistically significant when p \< 0.05. All analyzes were performed using the Review Manager (RevMan) program, version 5.4. Results: After the screening process, 38 studies were included in the systematic review, of which 14 had satisfactory methodological quality. The meta-analysis calculations showed that Pilates exercises were capable of promoting a significant improvement in dynamic postural balance, with effects ranging from moderate to large in magnitude, for the tests: Timed Up and Go, 8 Foot Up and Go, Six-minute Walk Test, 30-seconds Chair-stand, Functional Reach and Five Sit to Stand. Only the 10 meter walk test showed no significant effect on the dynamic balance analyses. For static balance, measured by means of displacement of the center of plantar pressure (COP) on a force platform, significant effects of small magnitude were observed in favor of Pilates exercises for COP velocity, COP area and mean velocity. lateral displacement of the COP, but not for the anteroposterior displacement velocity of the COP. For tools that verify the general state of balance, including static and dynamic postural balance tasks, Pilates exercises demonstrate a significant effect, of moderate magnitude, for the Berg Balance Scale, but not for Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC). Regarding the incidence or fear of falls, no significant results were observed. Conclusion: There is evidence to support the use of Pilates exercises to improve dynamic postural balance in older adults. For static balance, although Pilates exercises have shown to promote significant improvement, the effects were of small magnitude, with the need for further studies on the subject. With regard to the general state of balance, significant results were observed for only one of the scales used, with few studies included in the analyses, requiring more RCTs to verify this hypothesis. Finally, significant results were not observed for the incidence or fear of falls, and there is also a need for further studies on the subject, especially due to the small number of RCTs that have been dedicated to observing these outcomes so far.