Navegando por Autor "Lucio, Maria Clara Fagundes"

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    Exercício físico como abordagem terapêutica no tratamento da sarcopenia em idosos: revisão sistemática e metanálise
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2025) Lucio, Maria Clara Fagundes; Oliveira, Laís Campos de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-7337; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1621658942171919; Oliveira, Laís Campos de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-7337; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1621658942171919; Aguiar, Andreo Fernando; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3337-2444; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0004657477950633; Teixeira, Denilson de Castro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6299-0252; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8134763463354265
    Introduction: Aging is associated with several physiological changes that reduce functionality and quality of life (QoL), including sarcopenia. This condition is characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, which increases the risk of falls, functional dependence, and mortality. Although physical exercise is recognized as an effective strategy for managing sarcopenia, the literature still presents heterogeneity regarding the most appropriate modalities for this population. Objective: To review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of physical exercise on skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, physical performance, QoL, and mortality in older adults with sarcopenia. Methods: The search was conducted in the following databases: Web of Science, Pubmed, Embase, Central, Cinahl, PEDro, SportDiscus, and Lilacs, without filtering by publication date or language, until May 26, 2025. Eligibility criteria were determined using the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) method. The methodological quality of RCTs was assessed using the PEDro scale. Meta-analyses were conducted using the standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) between groups in the post-intervention period. The certainty of the evidence was classified according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). In order to verify whether studies with a high risk of bias were influencing the primary analyses, subgroup analyses were performed. Results: After screening, 77 RCTs were included in the systematic review, of which 40 had a low risk of bias. Physical exercise was superior to controls for improving skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, with no significant differences in QoL. Among the modalities, resistance exercise was more effective than aerobic exercise for skeletal muscle mass, with no differences in strength. The combination of physical exercise with supplementation showed advantages over its isolated use for muscle mass, strength, and, in sensitivity analyses, also for physical performance. Mortality was not analyzed, as only one RCT reported this outcome. The quality of evidence ranged from very low to moderate. Conclusion: Physical exercise should be considered a first-line intervention for older adults with sarcopenia, with the potential to reduce disabilities, promote functionality, and promote healthier aging, despite the heterogeneity of protocols and the limitation of clinical outcomes in some studies.