Navegando por Autor "Pessôa, Rafaela Almeida Gonçalves"

Agora exibindo 1 - 1 de 1
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Dissertação
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Efeitos dos exercícios de pilates na aptidão cardiorrespiratória: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022) Pessôa, Rafaela Almeida Gonçalves; Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-9305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6247518975926252; Oliveira, Raphael Gonçalves de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-9305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6247518975926252; Krinski, Kleverton; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5635930832976387; Melo, Ruth Caldeira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-8617; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9437079385922873
    Introduction: Among the modalities of physical exercises, Pilates has gained popularity and, consequently, more and more adepts. Scientific evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of the technique for the development of different physical capacities, such as flexibility, muscle strength and endurance, postural balance and agility, contributing to the functional performance of people in different age groups. More recently, studies have pointed out that Pilates exercises have the potential for the development of cardiorespiratory fitness, however, there is still no consensus in the literature on the effectiveness of the method for this outcome. Objective: To verify the effects of Pilates exercises on cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy adults. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed, in which randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were considered eligible, which used Pilates exercises as an intervention and had cardiorespiratory fitness as an outcome in a healthy adult population. The searches took place in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, LILACS and PEDro. To assess the potential risk of bias and the methodological quality of the studies, the PEDro scale was used. The meta-analysis calculations were performed using the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the Pilates vs. control groups or Pilates vs. other forms of physical exercise. Heterogeneity was quantified by the I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test. Effect sizes were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05 and classified as small (0.2), medium (0.5) or large (0.8) magnitude. The quality of evidence was rated by the GRADE system. Results: Initially, 1,185 records were found. After the screening process, 12 RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis calculations. Qualitative synthesis (systematic review) showed that all studies used small samples, ranging from nine to 39 participants per group (mean = 19.0 ± 8.2). Only two studies were carried out with a young adult population, the others with elderly people. Pilates protocols, in general, had a low cumulative exercise dose throughout the study, ranging from 900 to 4,320 minutes (median = 1,440) and were applied mainly on the mat (Mat Pilates) (66.7%). Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed primarily (82%) by the six-minute walk test. 83.3% of RCTs reported that Pilates was significantly superior to control groups on cardiorespiratory fitness. Regarding methodological quality, most (75%) of the studies had a low score (PEDro < 6 points). In the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis), a large effect size was observed in the primary analysis in favor of Pilates exercises vs. control groups (SMD = 0.96 [CI95% 0.39 – 1.54] p = 0.001, n = 457, studies = 12, I2 = 87%). Subgroup analysis showed that the significant effect was age-dependent (only for older people). In the sensitivity analysis, including only studies of high methodological quality, the significant effect remained in the main analysis in favor of Pilates exercises, but considering age groups, it remained significant only for young adults. When Pilates was compared to other muscle strengthening exercises, no difference was observed. Subgroup analysis involving cumulative dose showed that Pilates exercises were superior to control groups when the total intervention time was ≥ 1,440 minutes, with a large effect size. Comparing Pilates applied on the mat (Mat) or on equipment, a large and moderate effect size was observed, respectively. For all analyses, the evidence was of very low to low quality, as assessed by the GRADE system. Conclusion: Pilates exercises allowed, in general, a great effect on cardiorespiratory fitness compared to no intervention or minimal intervention, not differing from other forms of physical exercise for muscle strengthening. Subgroup analyzes demonstrated that the effects were dependent on the cumulative dose, which equated to performing Pilates three times a week for two months, or twice a week for three months. However, exercise professionals should interpret these results with caution, as future work is likely to have a major impact on effect estimates, given that the evidence was of very low to low quality.