Ciências Agrárias

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Navegando Ciências Agrárias por Assunto "AFLP"

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    Diversidade genética de isolados brasileiros de Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Sydow & Sydow)
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2016-03-30) Bermejo, Gabriela Rastelli; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Carvalho, Sandremir de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-5722; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8684697240694261; Podanosqui, Adriana Maria Polizel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2507513800168563; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Marcelino-Guimarães, Francismar Corrêa; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-7249; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4585015105548818
    Asian soybean rust (ASR) caused by obligate biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd., Is a major disease that affects the culture of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], Causing losses in production in many producing areas of the world. The specific resistance to P. pachyrhizi fungus was found, so far, in six locus, called Rpp1, Rpp1b, Rpp2, Rpp3, Rpp4, Rpp5 and Rpp6. However this locus does not confer full resistance to the pathogen, hindering the development of effective cultivars. Therefore, knowledge of the genetic variability in populations of P. pachyrhizi and isolates are essential for breeding programs can perform an efficient strategic planning against the fungus that causes Asian soybean rust. Therefore, the objective of this study was to extend analysis initiated by Darben et al. (2012), from the use of dominant and co dominant markers to estimate the molecular diversity between monourediniais isolates of P. pachyrhizi and to a population of spores of the fungus. After successive cycles monouredinial culture in a separate leaves were obtained DNA six isolated monourediniais and one population collected in soybean producing regions in the country. The amplification seven pairs of AFLP primers showed an average genetic diversity was between pairs from 21.88% -77.98% (NIS), the greater diversity in pairs found between the isolated LLRV212 (MT) and the population (PR). The highest similarity was found between 80.35% LCA4A12 isolated (MG) and LLRV212 (MT). The Isolated LGO 112 (GO) presented 30 unique brands and not clumped together in the cluster formed by the other. In terms of inoculum selection, molecular results indicated this material as a major material to be considered for virulence phenotype analysis and aggressiveness. The five amplified SSR primers showed no polymorphism. It is possible to suggest that at least five of the seven tested materials represent sources of genetically distinct inoculations. It will now be essential to observe the molecular variation corresponds to some degree the phenotypic variation observed in soybean plants differentiated response on the different materials of the fungus.
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    Dissertação
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    Estrutura genética de populações de Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) ao logo da bacia do rio Laranjinha
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-08-01) Góes, Bruna Delgado; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Medri, Cristiano; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-9376; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5988159401368852; Carvalho; Medri, Cristiano; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-9376; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5988159401368852; Carvalho, Sandremir de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-5722; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8684697240694261; Ruas, Eduardo Augusto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9019688016326560; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Ruas, Paulo Mauricio; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5462-1900; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8175431901810266
    Schinus terebinthifolius is a neotropical tree species widely spread in Brazil, from Pernambuco to Rio Grande do Sul. As a pioneering, aggressive species, indifferent to physical conditions of the soil and produce large amounts of seeds, is considered of great importance in the recovery of degraded areas. Distributed along the Atlantic rain forest biome which, due to the intense human occupation and modification of the biome, it is very fragmented and disconnected. Forest fragmentation provokes changes in the population dynamics, which can lead to loss of genetic diversity Population genetic studies using molecular markers allows the evaluation of plant species genetic structure and the genetic variability of tree species in fragmented areas. Aiming to contribute to strategies for conservation and management of tropical tree species, this paper aimed to study through AFLP markers, the genetic diversity and structure of ten populations of S. terebinthifolius from plateau areas and the riparian forest along the Laranjinha river – Pr. Three selective primers combinations made a total of 821 markers. Mean values for polymorphic loci percentage (%P) and the gene diversity index (Hs) were 61.11% and 0.1251, for plateau areas; 51.32% and 0.1073, for riparian areas; 67.59% and 0.1886 for populations of the upper Laranjinha river; 44.84% and 0.0773 for populations of the lower Laranjinha river, respectively. The genetic variability distribution was higher within populations (55.08%) than among populations (44.92%). The Principal Coordinate analysis showed that most of the studied populations were structured into two groups, the upper Laranjinha river populations and the lower Laranjinha river populations, which was also confirmed by Baysean analysis for the number of K clusters and the dendrogram, constructed by the UPGMA method. There was no significant difference in genetic variability between two different regions, plateau and river, so it can not be said that the Laranjinha river constitutes an ecological and genetic aisle for S. terebinthifolius populations.