Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Navegar
Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia por Assunto "9. Indústria, inovação e infraestrutura"
Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Aeronave remotamente pilotável na qualidade da aplicação(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023-04-27) Silva, Adenilson de Souza da; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Baio, Fabio Henrique Rojo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-0342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5720701444145747Global demand for food continues to rise, necessitating a continuous increase in agricultural production. This highlights the significant importance of the Brazilian agribusiness in the world. In light of this situation, a new application technology has been widely used worldwide: the application with Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAs). There is not much information available about this technology, as research data obtained in Brazil is scarce, leading to inconsistent information generated without scientific support. This hinders more technical analysis of agronomic, environmental, and economic feasibility. The objective of this research was to study the effects of weather conditions, application rates, droplet classes, flight heights, and application speeds on the deposition and coverage of remotely piloted aircraft application. The experiment with application rates and droplet classes was conducted in a 2x2x4 factorial design, with two application conditions during the day (morning and afternoon), two droplet size classes (medium and coarse), and four application rates (5, 6.5, 8.5, 10 L ha-1). The experiments with flight heights and application speeds were set up in a 2x5 (two application conditions × five flight heights - 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 meters) and 2x4 (two application conditions × four operation speeds - 3, 4, 5, and 6 m s-1) factorial design, both experiments at an application rate of 5 L ha-1 and with a medium droplet class. The data were analyzed using canonical analysis techniques. The results indicate that deposition and coverage are not affected by weather conditions in the coarse droplet class but are significantly affected in the medium droplet class. Coverage has a negative relationship with deposition. Applications with favorable weather parameters benefit deposition with the medium droplet class, regardless of the application rate, and coverage is more negatively affected by unfavorable weather conditions than deposition. Coverage and deposition have different effects on changes in application rates. Medium droplet classes provide greater variability in deposition, while coarse droplet classes provide greater variability in coverage. Treatments at heights of 3 and 4 meters had the greatest coverage variability and correlation with relative humidity. There was greater similarity in data variability between speeds of 4 and 5 m s-1 compared to other speeds, indicating that these two speeds do not have statistical differences. Speeds of 3 and 6 m s-1 were the treatments that correlated with deposition and coverage due to their proximity to the vectors. Deposition and coverage exhibited a positive correlation with each other and a negative correlation with meteorological variables. Temperature and humidity were the variables causing the greatest variability in the data. Lower flight heights have a positive impact on coverage and deposition, being less affected by weather conditions. Higher wind speed increases the variability of coverage and deposition. The effect of RPA application speed is dependent on the prevailing meteorological condition at the time of application.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Análise das declarações do cadastro ambiental rural em relação as certificações de área do SIGEF(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023) Fonseca Junior, Edson José; Kolln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Duft, Daniel Garbellini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-9687; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1960620473831019Amidst controversy, the Brazilian Forest Code was sanctioned in 2012, together too a new tool for analyzing rural properties was created, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR). This is a electronic public record, mandatory for all rural properties, the purpose of integrating environmental information on rural properties and possessions referring to Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), of restricted use, Legal Reserve, remnants of forests and other forms of native vegetation, and consolidated areas, composing a database for control, monitoring, environmental and economic planning and combating deforestation. The registration tool has been demonstrating some divergences, in the georeferencing tab, which aims to identify information on land use and occupation and its perimeter. The aim of this work was to evaluate the divergences of information obtained by the CAR due to the different ways of inserting maps and to analyze the precision and accuracy of the topographic survey methods applied to the measurement of rural properties of different sizes and formats. The methodology recommended by SIGEF was adopted for georeferencing purposes, using conventional topography methods, the use of high-precision GNSS equipment and remote sensing. A map generated from Google Earth was produced for each property in a KML file. The maps obtained were inserted into the application for rural environmental registration made available by the Brazilian Institute of the Environment, on the orbital image contained therein, establishing comparisons for each of the methods. The data were processed in topographic automation software and, when possible, the coordinates were adjusted to the Brazilian Continuous Monitoring Network (RBMC). The analyzes of comparisons between the methods were performed Separated into four groups according to the size of the properties. We hope that the Rural Environmental Registry tool can facilitate environmental monitoring and, consequently, ecosystem service. The results showed us that the quality of the registration is directly linked to the quality of the georeferencing section of the CAR application, and when associated with the certification data we have a more reliable result of the declaration. Our data showed that due to the quality of the data used for the CAR declaration we can have positive and negative impacts mainly due to the increase in the provision of ecosystem services (eg water quality) and increase in production costs, respectively.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação da produção in vivo, alternativas de meio de cultura e diferentes concentrações de inóculo para produção in vitro de Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Isolado UEL 08)(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022) Doneze, Gabriela Souza; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Alves, Luis Francisco Angeli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-764X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0613029292752945Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN) are obligate parasites that have an association with symbiotic bacteria and cause mortality in insects, so they are excellent agents in biological control. EPN-based products are a reality outside Brazil, but here, they are still scarce due to the difficulty of large-scale production. On the other hand, the native isolate Heterorhabditis amazonensis (UEL 08) was evaluated as a potential agent for use in the control of the avian rattlesnake, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Although pathogenicity and virulence tests on the insect indicate that this is a promising isolate, there is no evidence that it can be produced on a large scale and used to control this pest. Therefore, this work aimed to perform in vivo and in vitro production tests of isolate UEL 08. For the in vivo test, Galleria mellonella larvae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used as host and the production per larva, per gram of larva and total production was evaluated. In vitro production was evaluated using solid and semi-solid medium containing different fat sources (corn, canola, cotton, soybean, coconut, pork fat and bovine milk butter). Subsequently, different inoculum sizes (1,000, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500 and 10,000 Infecting Juveniles (IJs)/fry) were evaluated. The trials were conducted in an entirely randomized design, with four replicates for each treatment. In the in vivo production assay we observed a production of 6.5 × 10⁴ IJs/larva and a total production of 6.5 × 10⁵ IJs/repetition. In in vitro production in solid medium, there was a difference between the fat sources used, with corn oil providing the highest production with 926.5 IJs/mL of medium. In semi-solid medium, corn oil also showed the best production, with 3.2 × 10⁴ IJs/mL, differing from all other fat sources evaluated. The IJs produced both in solid and semi-solid medium were virulent when applied on G. mellonella larvae, with mortality values approaching 100%. The best inoculum concentration in semi-solid medium was 1,000 IJs/well.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Avaliação de inoculante longa vida em diferentes períodos de tempo na pré semeadura na cultura da soja (Glycine max L.)(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-06-09) Contin, Rodrigo Ferrari; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Tashima, Hatiro; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8757-4600; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0514640010249563; Manetti, Fabio Augusto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2126891963179008In search of technological advances for soybean production, many researchers are dedicated to the study of biological nitrogen fixation (FBN) in soybeans, because it is a crop that demands a high amount to develop. Seed inoculation is a technology that establishes the necessary physical contact of the soybean seed as a vehicle for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the seed. The present study evaluated long-life inoculants in the soybean crop at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days before seeding under the height of the aerial part and stem diameter of the plants, dry and fresh mass of the aerial part and roots, amount of pods with three, two and one grains, mass of a thousand grains and productivity. In the evaluated variables, the use of long-life inoculant is viable technology and its use in soybean sowing is recommended.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Cobertura e deposição da aplicação em relação a direção da semeadura e estágio de desenvolvimento da soja(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-05-03) Cunha, Waldyr Armando Benitez; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Souto, Ana Carolina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4909756168282078; Abi-Saab, Otavio Jorge Grígoli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-636X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8437035647330384In the search for greater operational capacity and operational ease, different directions of displacement in the sprayer in soybean culture have been carried out, but without evidence whether these decisions affect the quality of the application or not. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effect on the quality of the application of different directions of displacement of the sprayer in relation to the sowing lines of the soybean crop in different phenological stages. The tests were conducted through field and laboratory research. As soon as the soybean plants reached the desired development stages of V4/V6, R3/R4, R1/R2, R1/R3, R4/R5, R6/R7 (field), and V3/V4 and R3/R4 (laboratory), applications were made. For laboratory application, a CO₂ pressurized sprayer was used, equipped with 6 spray tips spaced 0.5 m apart and at a height of 0.5 m above the highest surface of the plants, and carried out in the directions of 0°, 45° and 90°. For field application, a tractor of the Agrale 4100® brand was used, equipped with a 7-meter spray bar, spaced 0.5 m apart and at a height of 0.5 m above the plants, carried out in the directions of 0° and 90°. For both applications, a syrup containing water + bright blue marker at a concentration of 6 g L⁻¹ was prepared. The quality of the application was assessed using the marker deposit (volume/area) analyzed by spectrophotometry and coverage (%) evaluated at the top, median and bottom of the soybean plants. Coverage and deposit ratio was performed in the upper and lower thirds depending on the direction of application. The results indicate that the coverage and deposit ratio show greater variability as the development stage and leaf area index increase. The 45° application direction showed greater application homogeneity. It is concluded that the directions of spraying did not influence the deposit and coverage of the vegetative stages, however as the development stage increased, higher values and greater dispersion were found for reproductive stages.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Desenvolvimento de dosador de fertilizantes sólidos de dupla esteira(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-07-30) Delgado, José Fernando de Oliveira; Nicolosi, Mateus Marrafon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881The distribution of granular fertilizers is carried out together with sowing and acquired more use with direct planting, which seeks to turn over as little of the soil as possible, but they must be used rationally. Considering the importance of fertilization, the objective of this work was to develop a new concept of fertilizer metering for seeders with a simple technology fertilizer metering mechanism ensuring uniform application. The experiment was carried out in three stages divided between the development of the solid fertilizer dosing prototype, bench testing of the prototype and different inclinations, carried out in the Mechanical Engineering laboratory of the Pitágoras Unopar University, Campus Bandeirantes-PR, and finally the field experiment carried out in the city of Vicentinópolis-GO, using corn crop and fertilizer formulation 08-28-18, implemented in November 2020. The design was in randomized blocks with 02 treatments, in T1 (helical feeder) and T2 (doser conveyor belt), with sampling of 31 sequential plants. The plots consisted of 05 lines of corn, 100 m long by 2.5 m wide, totaling 250 m², and considering the useful area of the central lines of each treatment. The variables analyzed were: height of ear insertion, stem diameter, longitudinal distribution between plants and yield per plant at the end of the crop cycle. The obtained results were submitted to the analysis of control charts of individual values and moving range. The treatments showed similar distribution between plants with an average of 36.7 cm, however, the uniform distribution of fertilizer by T2 (DDE) had an average productivity per plant of 272.72 g compared to T1 (DH) which was 255.4 g per plant, totaling 13,792.12 kg ha⁻¹ for T1 and 14,702.98 kg ha⁻¹ for T2, which represents a real productivity gain of 6.6%.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Influência do teor proteico da dieta na biologia de lagartas do complexo Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2024-02-26) Rodrigues, Millena dos Santos; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Quintela, Eliane Dias; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7426637066408803Spodoptera frugiperda, S. eridania and S. cosmioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are polyphagous pests of economic relevance due to the damage caused to crops such as corn, soybean and cotton. For the development of control programs, knowledge of the biology and nutritional needs of insects is essential. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate biological parameters of S. frugiperda, S. eridania and S. cosmioides reared on artificial diets containing different protein levels under laboratory conditions (24±2 °C, 70±10% RH and 14 h photophase). Four artificial diets were used: diet described by Greene et al. (1976) (D1) and three other modified ones, with reduction of the protein components wheat germ, soy protein, brewer's yeast and powdered milk (casein), by 25% (D2), 50% (D3) and 75% (D4). The parameters evaluated were: viability and duration of the larval and pupal stages, weight of pupae at 24 h, viability and longevity of adults, fecundity and egg viability. The data were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis non‑parametric test followed by a Bonferroni‑adjusted significance test at a significance level of 0.05. To evaluate the influence of diets with different protein contents on the number of instars of each species, the caterpillars' cephalic capsule was measured daily using a digital microscope and SFP software. Subsequently, a multimodal frequency distribution curve was plotted, followed by linear regression to confirm the number of instars. For S. frugiperda and S. eridania, diets D1 and D2 resulted in similar viabilities and biological parameters, while for S. cosmioides the most suitable diet was D1. Diets D1, D2 and D3 presented a larval stage with six instars for the three species. The artificial diet with a 25% reduction in protein content (D2) has potential for use in laboratory rearing for the species S. frugiperda and S. eridania.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Processamento de imagens multspectrais para detecção de alterações fisiológicas no milho(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020-06-05) Fernandes, Ítalo Ruy; Souza, Bruno Miguel Nogueira de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-7614; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3621235660431170; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Sgarbi, Ederson Marcos; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7460-7283; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4999862994006825; Marrafon, Mateus; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Sauer, Aline Vanessa; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9710; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3853729166385893; Menolli, André Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4755-8031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0048431988260726The present work aimed to identify nutritional stress (NPK) in corn by processing images at different wavelengths. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using PVC tubes with 2350 g of washed sand for corn cultivation. The trial consisted of four treatments: a set of tubes that received complete nutrient solution, complete solution minus nitrogen, complete solution minus phosphorus, and complete solution minus potassium, with 4 replications. The solution was administered (50 mL every 7 days) over a period of 26 days. The tubes were photographed daily by the Slantrange 3p sensor, which has four bands (NIR, RED EDGE, RED, and GREEN). The images were submitted to histogram analysis, correlation, intersection, and application of reflectance calculation. As a preliminary result, differences between treatments were observed from the fourth day onward; both histogram analysis and reflectance calculation proved to be capable of establishing a pattern for differentiating the treatments.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Variabilidade da cobertura com diferentes modelos de pontas de pulverização na cultura do milho(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2025) Silvério, Marcio Aparecido; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Gandolfo, Marco Antonio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Antuniassi, Ulisses Rocha; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3154-8664; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754851029548502; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754851029548502; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827The quality of the application is directly related to the choice of the spray nozzle model and the leaf angle presented by the crop. Given the scarce literature on the subject, this study aimed to evaluate different spray nozzle models in terms of application coverage on corn leaves with vertical and horizontal angles in the plant. The experiments were conducted in both field and laboratory settings. Twelve spray nozzle models with different spray projection angles were analyzed: flat fan, pre-orifice flat fan, air-induction flat fan, deflector flat fan, dual flat fan, inclined-angle flat fan, and hollow and full cone nozzles. The application rate was standardized at 100 L ha−1, controlled by pressure, flow rate, and boom travel speed. The spray solution used in the applications was composed of a fluorescent orange tracer at a concentration of 2.5 g L−1. The field experiment followed a randomized block design with four replications, six plants per repetition, and three distinct crop stages (V5/V6, V7, and VT). In the laboratory experiment, a completely randomized design was used, with four replications and two artificial plants. After application, the leaves were detached, sectioned, and images were captured in a dark environment under ultraviolet light. The images were then automatically processed to quantify spray droplet coverage. Coverage was analyzed in the upper, middle, and lower regions of the corn plant and the artificial plant, as well as in the adaxial, abaxial, basal, middle, and apical regions of the corn leaves. The results were interpreted using a dendrogram, applying dissimilarity analysis techniques based on the Euclidean distance method and complete hierarchical clustering, considering the spray nozzle models and the coverage analysis locations. Experiments with targets or leaves positioned vertically showed greater variability among groups, resulting in less similarity between nozzles and the evaluated plant and leaf regions. In contrast, experiments with horizontal targets allowed for a better definition of the relationships between nozzles and coverage in different plant regions, indicating similar performance in specific regions such as the lower and middle sections. Coverage was well-defined in regions of lower variability (basal > middle > apical) and (adaxial > abaxial) compared to those with greater variability (whorl, upper, middle, and lower). Additionally, differences exist among nozzles within the same flat-fan and cone- jet classes, highlighting distinctions in nozzle models based on spray angle design, pressure, and droplet classification.