Dissertações

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Navegando Dissertações por Assunto "Adubação verde"

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    Dissertação
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    Influência do manejo nas entre linhas do cafeeiro na produtividade e nos atributos físicos e químicos do solo
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2013-12-05) Maia, Guilherme Martins; Conte, Ana Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1406959857364094; Conte, Ana Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1406959857364094; Sachs, Luis Guilherme; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9026-483X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8396109344405837; Lima, Claudinei Paulo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8352085023073169; Spinelli, Maria Helena Moraes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9212317615801479; Rando, Eduardo Meneghel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6479985071873921
    The use of plant and/or mulch between rows of coffee culture has been used in order to plant cover of the soil, fertilizing and adding organic matter to weed suppression, improvement in of soil attributes and increased productivity in coffee trees. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of coffee tree and the attributes physical and chemical of soil depending on the managements between rows of this culture. The study was conducted in the Santa Rosa farm, in eutroferric Red Latosol, in the city of Cândido Mota/SP, using the coffee culture cultivar IAPAR 59, deployed in 2007. The experimental design was a randomized block design with 7 treatments applied between rows of coffee: T1 (control treatments plus weeding), T2 (control without weeding), T3 (filter pie), T4 (beans), T5 (dwarf mucuna) T6 (corn) and T7 (pearl millet), with 4 replicates. The plots consisted of 4 between rows coffee, 8 m long by 14 m wide, resulting in a total area of 112 m2, being considered the useful area between rows the two central lines, discounting between rows one line in each side, and excluding the two the ends of the plants in each plot, resulting in a population of 12 plants. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10, 10-20 and 20- 40 cm, initially, and at the end of the experiment. Were determined in coffee foliar concentrations of macro and micronutrients and productivity. In the soil were determined: the density, porosity, resistance to soil penetration, diameter class aggregates, routine analysis and micronitrientes and for intercropping: the productivity of corn and beans and production of fresh and dry mass of the dwarf mucuna and pearl millet. Data were compared by analysis of variance at 5% level of probability, using the software SASM-Agri. The results showed that: the levels of foliar N were higher when between rows of coffee plants were grazed at with leguminous plants and the highest levels of foliar S and B were found in the treatment with the use of filter pie and the lowest levels of foliar nutrition were obtained with the management of between rows with corn and pearl millet. In soil, the use of filter cake and mucuna dwarf have increased M.O., Ca, P and cultivation of corn and pearl millet favored an increase of Zn and B. The improvements in soil physical attributes are associated with higher productivity of coffee plant when its between rows were used dwarf mucuna, filter pie and control without weeding. The productivity in coffee trees was higher when handled with dwarf mucuna, followed by filter pie and control without weeding in between its rows.
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    Dissertação
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Residual de palhada de aveia com potencial produção de feno e consequente impacto na soja e nos atributos microbiológicos do solo
    (Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-06-03) Arevalo Junior, Jose Carlos; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Galbeiro, Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0524-615X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5040986607742686
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different oat cutting heights on hay yield and quality, the effect of varying amounts of residual straw on the development and yield of soybean grown in succession to oats in a transition region, the impact of straw quantity on soil microbiological indicators, and to perform a financial analysis based on hay revenue. Treatments comprised three cutting heights applied to standing oats: cut at 7 cm above the soil (7CM), cut at 30 cm above the soil (30CM), and an uncut control (SC). The upper portion of the plants in the 7CM and 30CM treatments was harvested for hay, leaving the lower portion as residual straw; in the SC treatment, the entire plant remained in the area as straw. Residual straw mass and oat hay yield were determined. At the soybean R2 growth stage, assessments included foliar diagnosis, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and nodule number and mass. At soybean harvest, measurements were stand count, pods per plant, seeds per pod, thousand‑seed weight adjusted to 13% moisture content, and grain yield. Soil quality bioindicators were determined at three sampling times: 43 days after oat cutting (D43), 156 days (D156), and 218 days (D218). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three treatments and six replications, giving 18 plots measuring 4 m × 10 m. Results were analysed by Tukey’s test (P < 0.05). Net revenue per hectare was estimated from hay sales and any associated change in soybean yield. Oat yield differed between treatments in terms of hay removed and straw retained. In the forage quality analysis, the 30CM treatment produced better‑quality hay than the 7CM treatment. Soybean development and yield did not differ significantly between treatments. The 7CM and 30CM treatments were biologically similar across soil microbial indicators; by contrast, the uncut control showed enhanced microbial activity at D43, an effect that had disappeared by D156 and D218. Cutting black oat to produce hay while retaining part of the crop as green manure increased the net financial return from the area.