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- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Desempenho de fungicida químico e biológico no desenvolvimento da soja e colonização micorrízica(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023) Antonucci, Bruno do Valle; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Matsumoto; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Lescano, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064; Franco, Danilo Miralha; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8429; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1216021913375180; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153; Albino, Ulisses Brigatto; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4144-4682; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1485924743638488Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a type of association present in several terrestrial ecosystems and, in addition to having a very important role in the nutrition, development and resistance of plants, it is capable of serving as a parameter for the bioindication of ecological quality, together with other microorganisms present in the rhizoplane, such as Trichoderma harzianum and Bradyrhizobium japonicum. It is known that the implementation of technologies of biological origin in agriculture has reduced many environmental impacts and collaborated to reduce the use of chemical products harmful to the soil microbiota. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of chemical fungicide (FQ) and biological fungicide (T. harzianum) on plant development and mycorrhizal colonization, by treating Glycine max. The experimental area was 80 m2 and the design was in randomized blocks. Shoot and root dry mass, shoot height, root volume, dry mass of nodules and percentage of mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. The isolated use of FQ showed low rates of shoot and root dry mass, in addition to low values of shoot height and root volume. Likewise, the percentages of mycorrhization were low, which did not occur with the dry mass of nodules, which was high in the treatments with the addition of FQ. In general, T. harzianum has shown to act synergistically with mycorrhizal colonization, favoring increases in plant development parameters, even when FQ is present.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Cobertura de solo na formação inicial da videira Niágara rosada, nos atributos do solo e na produção(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020) Fiorini, Henrique Mendes; Conte, Ana Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1406959857364094; Conte, Ana Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1406959857364094; Souza, Juliana Aparecida de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1781930088707636; Silva, Francisco Carlos Mainardes da; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8008-620X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9683269855531828The use of plant species and / or mulch between the lines of the grape culture has been used, aiming at vegetal cover of the soil, fertilization and addition of organic matter, suppression of invasive plants, improvement of soil attributes and increased productivity. Thus, with the objective of evaluating the initial formation of the pink niagara vine, with different soil coverings, through the chemical, physical parameters of the soil and production in the first harvest, a field experiment was installed in a dystrophic RED LATOSOLO, in an experimental block design. randomized with three replications and seven cover managements, T1 - witness: soil without cover and T2 to T7 respectively: wood shavings, coffee husk, sugarcane bagasse, crushed corn cobs, rice straw and potato grass, with three replications. The cultivar was the pink niagara with straw handling in pre-grafting. Eighteen months after the first application of the soil cover, routine chemical attributes, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, soil density and soil resistance to penetration were evaluated, and production was evaluated in the first harvest. Both for soil parameters and for production, the use of soil cover was shown to be effective, and the use of soil cover from coffee husk and corncob were the ones that provided the greatest production of the grape culture in its first year of production.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Aspectos biológicos de Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Hufnagel, 1767) e testes com nematoides entomopatogênicos (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae e Heterorhabditidae) visando o seu controle(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014) Giannasi, Andréia de Oliveira; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Ringenberg, Rudiney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-5535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3610407592944170; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452The black-cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of economic importance in many cultures, including corn (Zea mays) reaching the potential loss of 20%, the lack of information about its impact on corn motivated a comparison of their biology, in the larval and pupal stages with artificial and natural diet (corn leaf). Entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs) present along with one bacterial symbiont association that manages to control insects. The infective juvenile nematodes of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis Heterorhabditis seek their hosts in the soil and, when they find them in their natural openings penetrate or pierce their cuticle killing the insect within 48 hours. In the laboratory, larvae were individually and fed with artificial diet and corn leaf daily to assess the biological parameters of duration and viability of larval instars, and total duration of each individual instar larval and pupal sex ratio, deformation, mass of caterpillars and pupae, consumption and utilization of food. Was also made in the selection of isolates of NEPs laboratory using nine isolates, namely: Heterorhabditis amazonensis (RSC05); Heterorhabditis indica (IBCB-n05); H. sp. (JPM4), H. sp. (IBCB-n40); H. sp. (NEPET 11); H. sp. (IBCB-n44); H. sp. (Alho); Steinernema carpocapsae (IBCB-n02) and S. sp. (CH3). Test was also performed with different stages in the larval and pupal stages, various concentrations of test (0 – witness, 50 JIs/cm2, 100 JIs/cm2, 150 JIs/cm2 and 200 JIs/cm2) of NEPs and in vivo production in Galleria mellonella L. caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) with isolated IBCB-n02, IBCB-n05 and Alho, where the concentration of selection test and 3º instar larvae of A. ipsilon and test at home a greenhouse were used. The biology of life, the caterpillars that were fed corn leaf had higher larval duration and greater deformity in adults and pupae, and larvae fed on artificial diet had greater viability of larvae and pupae and shorter larval duration, caterpillars fed with diet artificial ate more food, produced more feces, gained more weight and metabolized more food. In selecting only isolated NEPET 11 did not reach efficient mortality (10%), which differed from the rest that was above 80% to 100% with the isolated CH3. In the test with different stages in the larval stage and pupal stage no single reached higher mortality when compared with the 3º instar larvae in different concentrations of NEPs, isolated Alho reached 10% mortality for the concentration of 50 JIs/cm2 and isolated IBCB-n05 reached 100% mortality at a concentration of 200 JIs/cm2. In production test in vivo isolated Alho showed the highest production was 112 138 IJs / larva of G. mellonella. In-house-vegetation isolated IBCB-n02 caused higher mortality differed from the control. The results of this study show that different isolates NEPs have infectivity in the laboratory efficient (greater than 80%) for use in biological control programs for A. ipsilon.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Identificação molecular e caracterização morfológica do isolado de nematoide entomopatogênico Heterorhabditis sp. Uenpn-01 obtido em área de pastagem no município de Ribeirão Claro, Paraná(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020) Macedo, Mariana Ferracin de; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Guide, Bruna Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7288306329944786; Ferreira, Dhiego Gomes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-6556; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7326714947358202Nematodes are worms belonging to the Phylum Nematoda, which have diversified habits, with parasitic groups of plants, human parasites and also insect parasitic nematodes, known as entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs). NEPs can be found practically all over the world, being isolated from different ecosystems from soil samples, or from infected insects found in the field, and in Brazil, there are approximately 54 registered isolates. In the state of Paraná, there is only one species of entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis amazonensis, showing the importance and the need to better understand this group of entomopathogens in our state. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify and characterize a nematode isolate belonging to the genus Heterorhabditis sp., Isolated in the city of Ribeirão Claro, PR. The isolation was obtained by collecting soil, and the technique of "live baits" with caterpillars of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was used. The molecular identification of the NEP isolate was carried out by amplifying the ITS region and also the D2D3 region, as well as by measuring structures for morphological identification. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photos were also taken to analyze morphological structures. In addition, the pathogenicity of G. mellonella caterpillars and observation of the life cycle were evaluated. In the molecular identification process from the ITS region, 98.64% similarity was observed with Heterorhabditis mexicana and 98.57% with Heterorhabditis taysearae, and in the D2D3 region, 96.94% similarity with H. mexicana. Regarding the morphological identification, it was observed that the isolate presents differences in measurements when compared to H. mexicana, however it has a similar characteristic in males in which the excretory pore is located posteriorly to the basal bulb. In the SEM photos, it is possible to observe structures of the hermaphroditic females, second generation females and males, observing the presence of the labial papillae in all NEPs in the anterior region. In females, the vulva is observed in the median region of the body, as well as the tail and anus in the posterior region. In males, in the posterior part, the tail and spike can be noticed. In the pathogenicity test, the isolate caused 88% mortality of G. mellonella caterpillars, and as for the life cycle, the UENPn-01 isolate presented a cycle characteristic of the genus Heterorhabditis, with the first generation of hermaphrodite females only, followed by three generations with the presence of males and females, totaling four complete generations within the host.
- DissertaçãoAcesso aberto (Open Access)Quintais produtivos e segurança alimentar: práticas agroecológicas no Norte Pioneiro do Paraná(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2025) Wesgueber, Nataly de Oliveira; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Silva, Diego Contiero da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-034X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6613984286184275; Franco, Danilo Miralha; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8429; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1216021913375180; Hata, Fernando Teruhiko; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-743X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9498242631830029; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6613984286184275; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1216021913375180; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9498242631830029; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-034X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-8429; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-743X; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115Family farming, which is predominant in the state of Paraná, accounts for approximately 90% of rural establishments. A significant portion of these properties are smaller than one fiscal module, limiting their economic viability and compromising both food security and household income. In this context, productive home gardens emerge as a sustainable, low-cost, and highly diverse agroecological alternative. These spaces contribute directly to the production of healthy food, the preservation of traditional knowledge, and the generation of complementary income. This study aimed to characterize productive home gardens in the Northern Pioneer region of Paraná, analyzing their impact on food and nutritional security, eating habits, and the autonomy of the families involved. The research employed semi-structured questionnaires applied to family farmers who maintain productive home gardens, collecting socioeconomic data, diversity of cultivated species, management practices, and the frequency of consumption of fresh and ultra-processed foods. The results showed that most gardens are managed by women and rely on sustainable practices such as organic fertilization, biological pest control, and agroecological preparations. A wide variety of vegetables, fruits, medicinal and culinary plants was observed, promoting balanced diets. Despite the increasing presence of ultra-processed foods, those grown in home gardens still dominate the families' diets, highlighting their role as tools of nutritional and cultural resistance. In addition to promoting food sovereignty, these gardens contribute to biodiversity conservation, reduced dependency on external inputs, and improved quality of rural life. A biodiversity-rich, regionally adapted, and easily replicable garden model was developed, reinforcing its potential as a strategy for sustainable rural development and food security.