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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação In vitro do extrato do botão floral da bananeira (Musa spp.) sobre nematódeos gastrintestinais de ovinos
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-05-15) Leme, Matheus Eduardo; Peixoto, Erika Cosendey Toledo de Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-4282; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0963818563395019; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Fertonani, Luciane Holsback Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5630-3295; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0120344533995048; Yoshihara, Eidi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1798-0418; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3447906791020709
Uma das principais perdas econômicas na ovinocultura corresponde a infecções denematódeos gastrintestinais. A utilização de produtos químicos de forma indiscriminadano controle desses parasitos têm colaborado com o aparecimento da resistência anti-helmíntica em diversos países incluindo o Brasil. Estudos realizados com o objetivo decontrolar os parasitos e reduzir os impactos da resistência, têm relacionado diversasplantas taniníferas com propriedades anti-helmínticas, com destaque para Musa spp. Abananeira (Musa spp.) está amplamente distribuída principalmente em países de climatropical, seu cultivo é voltado para fins alimentares devido ao seu valor nutritivo. Opresente estudo objetivou avaliar a ação anti-helmíntica do extrato hidroalcoólico dobotão floral da bananeira (EHB) a 10% em ovos e larvas de nematódeos gastrintestinaisde ovinos, assim como sua atividade antioxidante. Foram utilizadas fezes de ovinosnaturalmente infectados, selecionados com contagem mínima de 2.000 ovos por gramade fezes (OPG), e realizados testes de eclodibilidade de ovos (TEO) e teste da inibição damigração larval (TIML). Adicionalmente, determinou-se teores de polifenóis totais,taninos condensados, flavonoides e atividade antioxidante do extrato. Foram testadascinco concentrações do EHB (20; 40; 80; 160 e 320 mg mL-1), controle negativo comágua destilada (CN) e controle positivo com sulfóxido de albendazol (CP), emquadruplicada. Em relação ao TEO, o EHB inibiu 82,57% na concentração de 160 mgmL-1, atingindo 100% na concentração de 320 mg mL-1. Em relação ao TIML, o EHBinibiu 90,30% na concentração 80 mg mL-1, 94,80% na concentração de 160 mg mL-1,atingindo 100% na concentração de 320 mg mL-1. O EHB (10 mg mL-1) apresentou 0,38mg EAG g-1de polifenóis totais, 372,70 mg EAT g-1de taninos, 0,42 mg RE g-1deflavonoides, e atividade antioxidante de 43,03% com IC50 correspondendo à 0,2765 mgmL-1. A atividade do extrato pode estar relacionada aos fenólicos compostos presentesnos extratos, especificamente taninos condensados. Dessa forma, foi possível verificaratividade anti-helmíntica e antioxidante do EHB, demonstrando o seu potencial nocontrole de verminose em ovinos. Além disso, esses resultados são de grande importânciapara sistemas orgânicos, agroecológicos e biodinâmicos de produção, cujo uso deparasiticidas sintéticos não é permitido.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adição de diferentes classes de adjuvantes nas aplicações do herbicida glufosinato
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-07-09) Oliveira, João Victor de; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Kruger, Greg R.; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-0507
The percentage of area treated with glufosinate is low, mainly due to weed control inconsistencies. Adjuvants can assist in the use of glufosinate for technologies of resistant crops and favor decreases in the probability of resistance evolution. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding adjuvants of different chemical and physical constitutions on the performance of glufosinate herbicide. In the first chapter, the objective was to determine the effect of adding adjuvants on the physical and chemical properties and the droplet spectrum in glufosinate applications. In the second chapter, the objective was to evaluate the effect of adding adjuvants to glufosinate on the control and contact angle on different weed species at two developmental stages. Laboratory and greenhouse analyses were carried out to evaluate physical and chemical properties (density, dynamic viscosity, surface tension, electrical conductivity, and pH) of solutions and to determine droplet spectrum parameters: droplet diameter at 10%, 50%, and 90% of the total volume applied (Dv0.1, Dv0.5, and Dv0.9), relative amplitude, and percentage of volume of droplets smaller than 100 and 150 μm (V100 and V150). Weed control was carried out at two developmental stages (15 ± 3 cm and 27 ± 3 cm) of six weed species (velvetleaf, kochia, waterhemp, common lambsquarters, barnyardgrass, and green foxtail). The addition of adjuvants resulted in variations in the spray solutions for all evaluated parameters. The presence of adjuvants resulted in higher variations for viscosity than for density. The addition of the drift-reducing adjuvant resulted in higher viscosity and better droplet spectrum characteristics to reduce drift (> Dv0.5, < V100, and < V150). Weed control and contact angle varied according to the weed species, adjuvant class, and developmental stage. The contact angle is dependent on the weed species, spray solution, and leaf position on the plant.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aeronave remotamente pilotável na qualidade da aplicação
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023-04-27) Silva, Adenilson de Souza da; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Baio, Fabio Henrique Rojo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-0342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5720701444145747
Global demand for food continues to rise, necessitating a continuous increase in agricultural production. This highlights the significant importance of the Brazilian agribusiness in the world. In light of this situation, a new application technology has been widely used worldwide: the application with Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAs). There is not much information available about this technology, as research data obtained in Brazil is scarce, leading to inconsistent information generated without scientific support. This hinders more technical analysis of agronomic, environmental, and economic feasibility. The objective of this research was to study the effects of weather conditions, application rates, droplet classes, flight heights, and application speeds on the deposition and coverage of remotely piloted aircraft application. The experiment with application rates and droplet classes was conducted in a 2x2x4 factorial design, with two application conditions during the day (morning and afternoon), two droplet size classes (medium and coarse), and four application rates (5, 6.5, 8.5, 10 L ha-1). The experiments with flight heights and application speeds were set up in a 2x5 (two application conditions × five flight heights - 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 meters) and 2x4 (two application conditions × four operation speeds - 3, 4, 5, and 6 m s-1) factorial design, both experiments at an application rate of 5 L ha-1 and with a medium droplet class. The data were analyzed using canonical analysis techniques. The results indicate that deposition and coverage are not affected by weather conditions in the coarse droplet class but are significantly affected in the medium droplet class. Coverage has a negative relationship with deposition. Applications with favorable weather parameters benefit deposition with the medium droplet class, regardless of the application rate, and coverage is more negatively affected by unfavorable weather conditions than deposition. Coverage and deposition have different effects on changes in application rates. Medium droplet classes provide greater variability in deposition, while coarse droplet classes provide greater variability in coverage. Treatments at heights of 3 and 4 meters had the greatest coverage variability and correlation with relative humidity. There was greater similarity in data variability between speeds of 4 and 5 m s-1 compared to other speeds, indicating that these two speeds do not have statistical differences. Speeds of 3 and 6 m s-1 were the treatments that correlated with deposition and coverage due to their proximity to the vectors. Deposition and coverage exhibited a positive correlation with each other and a negative correlation with meteorological variables. Temperature and humidity were the variables causing the greatest variability in the data. Lower flight heights have a positive impact on coverage and deposition, being less affected by weather conditions. Higher wind speed increases the variability of coverage and deposition. The effect of RPA application speed is dependent on the prevailing meteorological condition at the time of application.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ambiente protegido: uma alternativa de cobertura com material reciclável
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2016-03-30) Fernandes, Flávia Regina Moreira; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Reis; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Tashima, Hatiro; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8757-4600; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0514640010249563; Ralisch, Ricardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4982-2112; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3620197655490764; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Abi-Saab, Otavio Jorge Grígoli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-636X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8437035647330384
Cultivation on a protected environment generates microclimate changes favorable to the development of vegetables, which has become very common in the past few years among homelike farmers due to the increased productivity in small areas. Given the great influence of different spectral characteristics in plant development, this research was conducted in order to evaluate the physical parameters of coverage in a protected environment with recyclable materials (PET - polyethylene terephthalate) compared to the coverage with low density polyethylene (PEBD) regarding the indicated climate conditions given to the vegetables cultivation. The experiment was carried out from July 27 to August 26, 2015 on the Campus of Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes, PR. The protected environments contained dimensions of 2x3 m, 2.5 m in the right foot of eucalyptus and fall of 20%, surrounded with anti-aphids mesh and with plastic film in the skirt with 60 cm high, coverage with green bottle PET roof, coverage with transparent bottle PET, coverage with PEBD of 100µm with and without diffuser, installed in the East/West direction. The experimental design was a factorial 4 x 3 (four environments x three schedules) + external environment for the collection of data regarding the air temperature and relative humidity maximum air, medium and minimum and factorial 4 x 2 (four environments x two schedules) for data from the exposure time for the solar radiation reading, luminance and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), in which it was studied the interactions of the factors by the analysis of variance and the means of the protected environments and for schedules compared by the F test at 5% of probability. In the protected environment A2 (coverage with green PET bottle) was registered the highest maximum and minimum internal temperature maximum in relation to the external environment. In the protected environment A2 (coverage with green PET bottle) was recorded a reduction of PAR and brightness compared to other treatments. The protected environment A4 (coverage with 100 µm without diffuser) presented less exposure time to read the solar radiation performed automatically by the spectroradiometer. The sources of variation: “protected environments” and “schedules” showed a significant interaction in the time of exposure to solar radiation reading. There was a significant reduction in the photosynthetically active radiation input (PAR) and light compared to the external environment in which the protected environment A2 recorded lower incidence of PAR and brightness compared to other treatments. A4 protected environment occurred less exposure time to read the solar radiation and interaction between sources of variation environments protected and the data acquisition time. The A2 environment showed a higher number of emerged seeds and emergency speed index, differing from the other treatments, which is the environment that provided better physical parameters for the smooth lettuce seed cultivation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da fragilidade e do conflito de uso do solo em área de recarga do Aquífero Guarani
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-05-26) Andrade, Daniel Campanelli de; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Caviglione, João Henrique; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2518-0031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8720140370218094; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Medri, Cristiano; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-9376; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5988159401368852
This essay had the aim of evaluating the fragility and the conflict of the use of soils from six watersheds on the recharging area of Guarani Aquifer, on the Rio das Cinzas’s medium watershed, Norte Pioneiro Paraná. From the using of geotechnologies and the Boolean logic for maps creation, it was possible to gather data referring to the current use of the soil, erosion’s natural potential (ENP), agricultural aptitude of the grounds and to end, the analyses of the conflict of the soil’s use. These are essential studies to prevent environmental impact, whose results enable planning in search of sustainability. The results demonstrated the high potential of soil loss, confirming the fragility of the region. In relation to the uses, it was found all the predetermined sorts, water, urban, forest, silviculture, farming and pasture, standing out the last two ones. The lands of the study area of the search shows a lot of agriculture aptitudes, from the good for farming up to the regular for pasture. The analyses’ result about the conflict of the soil’s use demonstrated the lack of planning when choosing the cultivation implanted, presenting vast areas with underutilization of the soil and some of them with overutilization. This lack of planning combined with the fragility in potential presented's by the soils might bring about significant losses, less agricultural productivity and direct impacts on Guarani Aquifer’s recharging.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise das declarações do cadastro ambiental rural em relação as certificações de área do SIGEF
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023) Fonseca Junior, Edson José; Kolln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Duft, Daniel Garbellini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-9687; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1960620473831019
Amidst controversy, the Brazilian Forest Code was sanctioned in 2012, together too a new tool for analyzing rural properties was created, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR). This is a electronic public record, mandatory for all rural properties, the purpose of integrating environmental information on rural properties and possessions referring to Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), of restricted use, Legal Reserve, remnants of forests and other forms of native vegetation, and consolidated areas, composing a database for control, monitoring, environmental and economic planning and combating deforestation. The registration tool has been demonstrating some divergences, in the georeferencing tab, which aims to identify information on land use and occupation and its perimeter. The aim of this work was to evaluate the divergences of information obtained by the CAR due to the different ways of inserting maps and to analyze the precision and accuracy of the topographic survey methods applied to the measurement of rural properties of different sizes and formats. The methodology recommended by SIGEF was adopted for georeferencing purposes, using conventional topography methods, the use of high-precision GNSS equipment and remote sensing. A map generated from Google Earth was produced for each property in a KML file. The maps obtained were inserted into the application for rural environmental registration made available by the Brazilian Institute of the Environment, on the orbital image contained therein, establishing comparisons for each of the methods. The data were processed in topographic automation software and, when possible, the coordinates were adjusted to the Brazilian Continuous Monitoring Network (RBMC). The analyzes of comparisons between the methods were performed Separated into four groups according to the size of the properties. We hope that the Rural Environmental Registry tool can facilitate environmental monitoring and, consequently, ecosystem service. The results showed us that the quality of the registration is directly linked to the quality of the georeferencing section of the CAR application, and when associated with the certification data we have a more reliable result of the declaration. Our data showed that due to the quality of the data used for the CAR declaration we can have positive and negative impacts mainly due to the increase in the provision of ecosystem services (eg water quality) and increase in production costs, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Armazenamento de misturas de herbicidas nas características físico-químicas e no controle de plantas daninhas
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2019-11-22) Ferreira, Luiz Augusto Inojosa; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Osipe, Jethro Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9692340257207288; Lima, Julião Soares de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8178-3937; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4456536143814608; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Rodrigues, Euripedes Bomfim; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-878X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9720688699522760
Com esta pesquisa, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do tempo de armazenamento de duas misturasde herbicidas pós emergentes nas características físicas e químicas das caldas de pulverizaçãoe na eficiência de controle de plantas daninhas. Em três ambientes, foram realizadosexperimentos utilizando plantas daninhas e plantas de soja sensíveis aos herbicidas. O primeiroexperimento foi realizado com as espécies Amaranthus retroflexus, Commelina benghalensis eSorghum halepense, utilizando a mistura de glyphosate + 2,4-D + óleo vegetal, o segundo, comChloris polydactyla utilizando a mistura de glyphosate + clethodim + óleo mineral e o terceirocom Glycine max (L.) com a mistura de glyphosate + 2,4-D + óleo vegetal, todas submetidas acinco períodos de armazenamento (no momento do preparo, 1, 2, 4 e 8 dias após o preparo). Ascaldas foram preparadas em galões plásticos (50 L) selados, armazenados no laboratório emtemperatura ambiente e agitados manualmente uma vez ao dia. Nos experimentos 1 e 2 asavaliações visuais de controle foram realizadas aos 7, 14, 28, e 42 dias após a aplicação (DAA)e no experimento 3 aos 3, 7, 10 e 21 DAA, devido a sensibilidade da espécie, todas as avaliaçõesrealizadas por dois avaliadores, sem o conhecimento prévio de cada tratamento. Para as duasmisturas foi determinado avaliações de tensão superficial, densidade e pH. Para o experimento1, aos 42 DAA, as notas médias de controle em todos os tratamentos não apresentaramdiferenças significativas, atingindo valores satisfatórios (> 80%) para as espécies A. retroflexuse S. halepense. No experimento 2, aos 42 DAA não houve efeito do armazenamento das caldasno controle de C. polydactyla, que permaneceu abaixo de 80% para todos os tratamentos. Aos21 DAA, no experimento 3, todos os tratamentos apresentaram controle próximo a 100% paraas plantas de soja. As variações no controle das espécies estão relacionadas com o tempo deavaliação após aplicação das caldas. Não houve alteração das características físicas e químicas(tensão superficial, densidade e pH) para as duas misturas, independente do período dearmazenamento. Com esses resultados, conclui-se que o armazenamento das caldas deglyphosate + 2,4-D e glyphosate + clethodim por até 8 dias, pode ser uma estratégia quando ascondições agrometeorológicas para aplicação não são adequadas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos biológicos de Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1767) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e testes com nematoides entomopatogênicos (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae e Heterorhabditidae) visando o seu controle
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-04-16) Giannasi, Andréia de Oliveira; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Ringenberg, Rudiney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-5535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3610407592944170; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452
The black-cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of economic importance in many cultures, including corn (Zea mays) reaching the potential loss of 20%, the lack of information about its impact on corn motivated a comparison of their biology, in the larval and pupal stages with artificial and natural diet (corn leaf). Entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs) present along with one bacterial symbiont association that manages to control insects. The infective juvenile nematodes of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis Heterorhabditis seek their hosts in the soil and, when they find them in their natural openings penetrate or pierce their cuticle killing the insect within 48 hours. In the laboratory, larvae were individually and fed with artificial diet and corn leaf daily to assess the biological parameters of duration and viability of larval instars, and total duration of each individual instar larval and pupal sex ratio, deformation, mass of caterpillars and pupae, consumption and utilization of food. Was also made in the selection of isolates of NEPs laboratory using nine isolates, namely: Heterorhabditis amazonensis (RSC05); Heterorhabditis indica (IBCB-n05); H. sp. (JPM4), H. sp. (IBCB-n40); H. sp. (NEPET 11); H. sp. (IBCB-n44); H. sp. (Alho); Steinernema carpocapsae (IBCB-n02) and S. sp. (CH3). Test was also performed with different stages in the larval and pupal stages, various concentrations of test (0 – witness, 50 JIs/cm2, 100 JIs/cm2, 150 JIs/cm2and 200 JIs/cm2) of NEPs and in vivo production in Galleria mellonella L. caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) with isolated IBCB-n02, IBCB-n05 and Alho, where the concentration of selection test and 3º instar larvae of A. ipsilon and test at home a greenhouse were used. The biology of life, the caterpillars that were fed corn leaf had higher larval duration and greater deformity in adults and pupae, and larvae fed on artificial diet had greater viability of larvae and pupae and shorter larval duration, caterpillars fed with diet artificial ate more food, produced more feces, gained more weight and metabolized more food. In selecting only isolated NEPET 11 did not reach efficient mortality (10%), which differed from the rest that was above 80% to 100% with the isolated CH3. In the test with different stages in the larval stage and pupal stage no single reached higher mortality when compared with the 3º instar larvae in different concentrations of NEPs, isolated Alho reached 10% mortality for the concentration of 50 JIs/cm2and isolated IBCB-n05 reached 100% mortality at a concentration of 200 JIs/cm2. In production test in vivo isolated Alho showed the highest production was 112 138 IJs / larva of G. mellonella. In-house-vegetation isolated IBCB-n02 caused higher mortality differed from the control. The results of this study show that different isolates NEPs have infectivity in the laboratory efficient (greater than 80%) for use in biological control programs for A. ipsilon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos biológicos de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) criadas em dieta artificial contendo diferentes fontes proteicas
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020-10-30) Borges, Gabriele do Prado; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Silva, Gabriela Vieira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-0391; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6593862082231188
This work aimed to test different protein sources in artificial diets for the rearing of Diatraea saccharalis. The experiment was conducted in the Entomology-Nematology and Insect Pests laboratories of the Luiz Meneghel Campus, at the State University of Northern Paraná. Oatmeal, sweet potato, fubá mimoso, flaxseed, rice, coarse cornmeal, canjiquinha, corn flakes, and sweet potatoes in natura, in the colors orange, white, purple, and common, were evaluated as protein sources. In view of the large number of treatments, the experiment was divided into stages as follows: Stage 1: The above-mentioned protein sources were evaluated and divided into three test batches (1a, 1b, and 1c). For this purpose, five newly hatched caterpillars were placed in flat-bottom glass tubes (40 per diet). At the end of the larval period, the pupae were individualized in 50 mL plastic cups and after 24 h were weighed and separated by sex. In Stages 1a, 1b, and 1c, the following were evaluated: duration of the larval and pupal period, weight and sexing of pupae, number of pupae and adults formed, and larval and pupal viability. Stage 2: the development of D. saccharalis fed a standard diet (used in a biofactory) was compared with the oatmeal diet that performed best in Stage 1. Five newly hatched caterpillars were placed in flat-bottom glass tubes (40 per diet); after the pupal phase, 30 adult couples were formed from each of the two diets for collection and daily egg counting until the death of the adults, evaluating adult longevity and total number of eggs per female of D. saccharalis. In Stage 1a, the highest number of pupae were obtained and, consequently, the highest larval viability for insects fed with oatmeal and sweet potato flour. In Stage 1b, oatmeal continued to show a shorter duration of the larval and pupal period, and in Stage 1c, white sweet potato showed a shorter duration of the larval and pupal period and higher larval viability. In Stage 2, oatmeal showed a shorter duration of the larval period, and the diet from Plant B showed a shorter duration of the pupal period. In the diet containing oatmeal, the treatment without food resulted in greater adult longevity. The protein source that showed the best response to the biological parameters of D. saccharalis was oatmeal.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Associação da condutibilidade elétrica do leite à cultura microbiológica na fazenda no ato da secagem de vacas Jersey em sistema de Compost Barn e ordenha
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-03-31) Silva, Jessica Quirino da; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Zacarias, Francielle Gibson da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-675X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1740021520322135; Filho, Ivan Roque de Barros; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-9358; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3978670586325267; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Alberton, Luiz Romulo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5912-0467; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3800644716976971
The expansion of agricultural crops and pasture areas was responsible for most of the deforestation in the municipality of Bandeirantes, Paraná. In this study, landscape fragmentation and its temporal evolution were evaluated by applying landscape ecology metrics in the period corresponding to the 1970s and 2012 (42 years), comparing the results of the metrics regarding their ability to demonstrate causes and consequences of forest fragmentation. The study area is located in the municipality of Bandeirantes-PR, situated between the coordinates 50°25'44" to 50°16'43" W and 23°14'05" to 23°05'59" S. Assessments of deforestation and degree of fragmentation were carried out using remote sensing data and landscape analysis. The results revealed that there was a reduction in the number of fragments between the periods: in 1970, 634 fragments, and in 2012, 312 fragments, which corresponds to 322 fragments less, and in percentage this is equivalent to 49% of the examined area. The study area has been undergoing landscape transformations since 1970, and the degree of fragmentation of native vegetation areas was replaced by temporary and permanent crops and pasture. Thus, the results of this study indicate that deforestation affected almost half of the natural vegetation until 2012, aggravating the integrity of native vegetation fragments in the study area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Associação de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo e transferência de embrião em tempo fixo em vacas de corte mestiças
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022-05-24) Seugling, Guilherme Henrique Freitas; Barreiros, Thales Ricardo Rigo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-5901; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5374406053323863; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9502-6996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Cavalieri, Fabio Luiz Bim; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4246-6995; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6534931458837778; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Prohmann, Paulo Emílio Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1777074807269801
The experiment started in the breeding season of 2020/2021, until April/2022, in 3 properties located in Santo Antônio da Platina, Paraná, Brazil. Initially, 143 sows were used, which were synchronized through an FTAI protocol and inseminated, seven days after artificial insemination, embryo transfer was carried out for induction of twin pregnancies, 30 and 60 days after insemination, the diagnosis of pregnancy with ultrasound, to determine the FTAI/TETTF pregnancy rate. The total AI/TE pregnancy rate was 60.93% with results ranging from 71.43% to 52.73% between properties. The twin birth rate after the combination of techniques was 20.31% (26/128). It was also found that the time of gestation was affected by the presence of two fetuses in the uterus. The average of twin pregnancies was 283.64 ± 3.4 days (p < 0.01), whereas for single Nellore/IA it was 294.79 ± 5.68 and Tabapuã/IVF 295.52 ± 8.87 not differing from each other. As expected, there was a difference in birth weights between males and females, for twin pregnancies and Nelore/IA (p < 0.05) however there was no difference between males and females Tabapuã/IVF. The final stillbirth of calves from twin/triple births was 34.61% (18/52), with five twin births with the death of both calves. When analyzing the relationship between the weight of calves at weaning and the weight of the mother, the result was 71.48% in calves that were lactated as twins. This ratio was 32.42% higher than for single Tabapuã/IVF calves and 76.89% for Nellore/IA calves.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade de forrageamento e morfometria de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (forel, 1908) (Hymenoptera: formicidae) em Bandeirantes-PR
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2017-10-20) Matsuyama, Simone dos Santos; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Rando, Jael Simões Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-2996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2794627489819518; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Pasini, Amarildo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6962-1217; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2947722532833449
As formigas-cortadeiras da espécie Atta sexdens rubropilosa, conhecidas como saúva-limão,são consideradas pragas devido a atividade de forrageamento por elas executada. Durante estaatividade as formigas selecionam material vegetal, cortam e o transportam para o interior deseus ninhos, onde será utilizado como substrato para o fungo que cultivam. As formigasenvolvidas nesta atividade exploram o ambiente externo e encontram uma gama de espéciesvegetais, realizam então uma seleção entre as espécies encontradas e entre as estruturas destafonte de recurso selecionado. Posteriormente ocorre o corte e transporte desta carga. Noforrageamento, participam formigas de diferentes tamanhos que transportam cargas de pesovariado. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar qual estrutura vegetal éforrageada com maior frequência, e paralelamente, com o estudo da morfometria do inseto,identificar a possível existência de relação entre a massa da formiga e massa da cargatransportada. Para isto, foram selecionados em diferentes locais, três ninhos de A. sexdensrubropilosa (N1, N2, N3): N1 em área arborizada; N2 em área de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária,e o N3 em área cultivada com Triticum aestivum (trigo). As coletas ocorreram durante seismeses, onde semanalmente, em cada ninho, coletou-se vinte formigas e suas respectivascargas, nas trilhas próximas ao olheiro de entrada. Posteriormente, as formigas foram pesadase, com auxílio de um paquímetro digital, coletadas as medidas do corpo (cabeça + tórax +pecíolo + gáster) e largura da cápsula cefálica (maior distância entre os espinhos occipitais).Para a tabulação dos dados do recurso vegetal, cada carga foi pesada e classificada em folha,pecíolo, vagem, semente, fruto, broto e haste, sendo que para folhas também houve aclassificação entre folha jovem ou madura. Ao fim dos seis meses de coleta, totalizou-se 1440formigas e suas respectivas cargas. Os resultados indicam que nos três ninhos o fragmentovegetal transportado em maior frequência foram as folhas maduras. E os resultados referentesa relação entre massa da formiga e massa da carga não sustentam a hipótese de que sempre asformigas de maior massa serão as responsáveis por transportarem as cargas mais pesadas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade larvicida e caracterização fitoquímica do extrato hidroetanólico de Ruta graveolens L. contra Aedes aegypti
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Costa, Poliana Caruline Rosa da; Peixoto, Erika Cosendey de Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-4282; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0963818563395019; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153; Bovolenta, Yves Rafael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9684-1848; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4601902582773437; Silva, José Renato da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8289-7768; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8034221689854743
The increase in diseases transmitted by mosquito vectors and the resistance associated with the continuous use of synthetic insecticides highlight the need for effective and environmentally safe alternatives. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of the hydroethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens L. against Aedes aegypti larvae, as well as to chemically characterize the extract. The extract was obtained by maceration in a 70% hydroethanolic solution, followed by concentration and lyophilization. A. aegypti eggs were collected using ovitraps in the municipality of Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil, and the larvae were reared to the L3 and L4 stages. Larvicidal bioassays were performed in quadruplicate, with 40 larvae per treatment, using concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL, along with positive and negative controls. After 48 hours of exposure, mortality rates of 65% were observed at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL, whereas the concentration of 1 mg/mL resulted in 100% mortality, a result equivalent to the commercial larvicide used as positive control. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of total phenolics (58.76 ± 1.70 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (41.55 ± 1.30 mg QE/g). LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of rutin in the extract, while quercetin was not detected. These results demonstrate the strong larvicidal potential of the hydroethanolic extract of R. graveolens, particularly at the concentration of 1 mg/mL, indicating its viability as an alternative for A. aegypti control and supporting further studies to determine lethal doses and assess toxicological safety.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade nematicida de extratos de Brugmansia suaveolens sobre Meloidogyne incognita
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Venâncio, Stéphany de Campos; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Silva, Santino Aleandro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1019-1926; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8341476195396585
Meloidogyne incognita stands out as one of the most aggressive and widely distributed species in tropical regions, causing severe damage to plant root systems. The need for alternatives to synthetic nematicides drives research into plant-based compounds with biological potential and lower environmental impact. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts from leaves and flowers of Brugmansia suaveolens (Solanaceae) on second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. incognita. The experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, using J2 obtained from infected tomato roots, processed with sodium hypochlorite solution and filtered through 250 and 500 mesh sieves. The suspensions containing J2 were exposed to two types of extracts (aqueous and hydroalcoholic) at different concentrations, and a negative control was performed with distilled water. The mortality of the juveniles was evaluated after 24 hours of exposure, and the data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p<0.05). The aqueous extracts caused higher mortality of M. incognita J2, with the flower extract causing up to 98% mortality in all concentrations evaluated and showing no significant difference. The aqueous leaf extract, on the other hand, showed dose-dependent mortality, with values varying according to the dose tested. For the hydroalcoholic extracts, mortality was observed in the extracts obtained from flowers and leaves, with values ranging from 46 to 59% mortality. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the detection and identification of volatile chemical constituents present in B. suaveolens extracts confirmed significant differences between the extracts, both in terms of the extraction method and the part of the plant used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atributos microbiológicos do solo sob sistemas integrados de produção
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2016-03-28) Souza, Dayane Aparecida de; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Grange, Luciana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7386401516676219; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Barreiros, Marco Antonio Bacellar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2950110570180689; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746
A agricultura e a pecuária vêm sofrendo grande desgaste devido ao manejo inadequado,decorrentes de práticas inadequadas no uso de fertilizantes, defensivos, monocultivointensificado, além da degradação das pastagens decorrentes do manejo inadequado deanimal. Assim, novas técnicas de manejo com melhor uso da terra, como os sistemasintegrados de produção, são opções mais sustentáveis. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliaros atributos microbiológicos nos sistemas de produção integrados. Foram estudadas áreas deintegração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (agrosilvipastoril), integração lavoura-pecuária(agropastoril), agricultura convencional e mata nativa como padrão de equilíbrio. Para asanálises microbiológicas foram determinados o carbono da biomassa microbiana, a respiraçãobasal e os quocientes metabólicos e microbianos, além dos grupos funcionais demicrorganismos e porcentagem de micorrização. Foram realizadas as avaliações agronômicascomo, número de inflorescência e peso seco de plantas. Os resultados obtidos foramsubmetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Osresultados obtidos nas áreas sob sistema integrado apresentaram, em quase todos osparâmetros analisados, maior comunidade microbiana, maior teor de matéria orgânica, menorestresse, melhor eficiência na disponibilização de nutriente e maior massa seca das plantasquando comparado ao sistema convencional. No sistema agrosilvipastoril nos renques hácompetição por água entre a silvicultura e a cultura da soja, fato que prejudicou odesenvolvimento das plantas e a comunidade microbiana. Na área agrosilvipastoril entre-renques e agropastoril apresentaram melhores condições ambientais e edáficos.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo sob áreas de agricultura e mata nativa
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-02-23) Rocha, Leandro Mazo; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Amaral, Higo Forlan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5036-2646; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2040162561025228; Grange, Luciana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7386401516676219; Lescano, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064
O solo é um dos principais recursos básicos que tem como função dar sustentação e suportepara diversas espécies no planeta e também atua como substrato as plantas, fornecendo água enutrientes, o que assegura a manutenção da vida na terra. Portanto, os diferentes sistemas etécnicas de manejo do solo atuam de forma direta nas propriedades físicas, químicas ebiológicas, visto que o preparo está diretamente associado à disponibilidade e qualidade dosnutrientes disponíveis às plantas. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as áreas agrícolas efragmento de mata nativa no período de inverno e verão, utilizando parâmetros químicos emicrobiológicos de qualidade do solo. O estudo foi realizado no município de Bandeirantes -PR, no qual foram comparadas áreas de Soja, Milho, Cana-de-açúcar, Pastagem e quatro áreasde mata nativa (Mata de Centro, Área Reflorestamento, Área de Borda 1 e Borda 2) situada aolado das áreas de cultura. Para as análises químicas foram determinados matéria orgânica dosolo, carbono orgânico total, potencial hidrogeniônico, cálcio, magnésio, alumínio, fósforo,potássio, soma de bases e capacidade de troca catiônica. Para as análises microbiológicasforam determinados o carbono de biomassa microbiana, respiração basal do solo, quocientemetabólico e quociente microbiano. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramentecasualizado, em esquema fatorial 8 x 2. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e asmédias comparadas pelo teste Tukey (p<0,05). Os atributos químicos e microbiológicos foramsubmetidos à análise multivariada por componente principal separadamente. Os resultadosobtidos nas áreas de vegetação nativa apresentaram dentre os parâmetros analisados, maiorcomunidade microbiana, teor de matéria orgânica, menor estresse, melhor eficiência nadisponibilização de nutrientes quando comparado às áreas de agricultura. Sendo assim, ossolos sob os diferentes sistemas de manejos e usos diferiram quanto as característicasquímicas e microbiológicas em relação às áreas de vegetação do fragmento de Mata Atlântica,sendo que essas alterações são mais evidentes na camada superficial do solo. Os diferentesusos do solo influenciaram a atividade microbiana, sendo as condições mais favoráveisaquelas que ocorreram em áreas de mata. As áreas agricultáveis Soja, Milho, Cana-de-açúcare Pastagem, apresentaram algumas diferenças em certos atributos como, pH, P, K, Ca e Mgna camada superior. Desta forma, Soja e Milho apresentou melhores índices de fertilidade emenores valores de CBM entre as áreas de agricultura. Os atributos microbiológicos de modogeral, não se diferenciaram entre as áreas de vegetação nativa, mostrando que há grandesemelhança do comportamento da biomassa microbiana nesses quatros locais estudados.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da potabilidade de água bruta no município de Bandeirantes-PR
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2019-02-28) Zamboni, Silvia Aparecida Schmith; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Cruz, Mariza Fordelone Rosa da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-8820; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5308615937693528; Nicolosi, Mateus Marrafon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Lima, Cristina Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-4286; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3072842301542197; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
Mesmo que nosso planeta seja repleto de água, a porção potável é muito pequena emcomparação a todo volume de água existente, além de uma distribuição irregular entre apopulação, e sofrer cada vez mais degradação pelo homem, devido a industrialização,agricultura, por exemplo. Vários parâmetros são analisados para que isso se cumpra, ebaseando-se nisso, este trabalho analisou parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos daestação de tratamento (ETA) do município de Bandeirantes – PR nos seus seis pontos decaptação (Rio das Cinzas - RC; quatro pontos do Aquífero Guarani – AG1; 2; 3 e 4; e PoçoArtesiano Sertãozinho - PAS), comparando entre as estações do ano em três anos consecutivos.Foram avaliados pH, turbidez, matéria orgânica, cor, bactérias heterotróficas, coliformes totaise fecais. Os resultados demonstraram, por exemplo, que o ponto RC apresentou pH próximo aneutralidade, enquanto no ponto PAS teve intervalo de 6,9 a 8,0 e nos aquíferos valores compH mais elevados entre 8,0 e 9,6, isto é, também mais elevados m comparação ao ponto RC. Jáa alcalinidade se apresentou mais elevada nos aquíferos com intervalos de 75-163 mg/mlCaCO3entre eles, e o PAS variou de 109-130 mg/ml CaCO3 em comparação ao RC, que teve valoresinferiores de 46-55 mg/L CaCO3 o que se relaciona ao pH mais elevado, a alta alcalinidade dosaquíferos. Da mesma maneira, o oxigênio dissolvido com valores no ponto RC, obteve valoresmais elevados que variaram de 5,45-16,2 mg/ml, enquanto nos aquíferos AG1;AG2;AG3 eAG4 obteve valores menores com intervalos entre 0,56-8,50 mg/ml, e PAS variou de 4,39-14,9mg/ml, devido a profundidade e altas temperaturas desses locais. Somado a isso, os dados deanálise de agrotóxicos na água demonstraram-se satisfatórios perante a legislação. Conclui-secom este estudo que o ponto RC necessita de um tratamento mais complexo para sua utilizaçãodestinada ao consumo da população do município em questão.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da produção in vivo, alternativas de meio de cultura e diferentes concentrações de inóculo para produção in vitro de Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Isolado UEL 08)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022) Doneze, Gabriela Souza; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Alves, Luis Francisco Angeli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-764X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0613029292752945
Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN) are obligate parasites that have an association with symbiotic bacteria and cause mortality in insects, so they are excellent agents in biological control. EPN-based products are a reality outside Brazil, but here, they are still scarce due to the difficulty of large-scale production. On the other hand, the native isolate Heterorhabditis amazonensis (UEL 08) was evaluated as a potential agent for use in the control of the avian rattlesnake, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Although pathogenicity and virulence tests on the insect indicate that this is a promising isolate, there is no evidence that it can be produced on a large scale and used to control this pest. Therefore, this work aimed to perform in vivo and in vitro production tests of isolate UEL 08. For the in vivo test, Galleria mellonella larvae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used as host and the production per larva, per gram of larva and total production was evaluated. In vitro production was evaluated using solid and semi-solid medium containing different fat sources (corn, canola, cotton, soybean, coconut, pork fat and bovine milk butter). Subsequently, different inoculum sizes (1,000, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500 and 10,000 Infecting Juveniles (IJs)/fry) were evaluated. The trials were conducted in an entirely randomized design, with four replicates for each treatment. In the in vivo production assay we observed a production of 6.5 × 10⁴ IJs/larva and a total production of 6.5 × 10⁵ IJs/repetition. In in vitro production in solid medium, there was a difference between the fat sources used, with corn oil providing the highest production with 926.5 IJs/mL of medium. In semi-solid medium, corn oil also showed the best production, with 3.2 × 10⁴ IJs/mL, differing from all other fat sources evaluated. The IJs produced both in solid and semi-solid medium were virulent when applied on G. mellonella larvae, with mortality values approaching 100%. The best inoculum concentration in semi-solid medium was 1,000 IJs/well.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da saúde do solo por meio da cromatografia de Pfeiffer: aspectos metodológicos e aplicações
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-07-31) Graciano, Igor; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Peixoto, Erika Cosendey Toledo de Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-4282; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0963818563395019; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Franco, Fernando Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-9956; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955; Silva, Francisco Carlos Mainardes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9683269855531828
O manejo adequado dos solos é o principal fator a ser considerado quando se almejauma produção sustentável, pois as diferentes práticas agrícolas podem alterar suaqualidade e, consequentemente, sua capacidade produtiva. De tal forma, é necessáriocompreender as interações inerentes a este sistema, buscando por intervençõesmenos agressivas, que preservem o equilíbrio dinâmico entre os componentesquímicos, físicos e biológicos. Para estimativa dessa qualidade, têm-se adotado o usode indicadores, atributos que integram processos ou propriedades do solo, sensíveisa alterações e de fácil execução e interpretação. A cromatografia de Pfeiffer (CP) seinsere nesse contexto, como uma ferramenta promissora para diagnóstico dequalidade, pois permite avaliação integral dos componentes do solo. Assim, opresente estudo tem por objetivo contribuir com o desenvolvimento de parâmetrosmetodológicos que possibilitem padronizar a CP, bem como avaliar seu empregocomo indicador de qualidade do solo. Com relação aos procedimentos metodológicosavaliados, buscou-se conservar a simplicidade e acessibilidade da proposta original,com o propósito de favorecer sua reprodução a campo pelos agricultores. Foramavaliados, de forma qualitativa por observação visual, os seguintes processos:impregnação do papel filtro (PF) com nitrato de prata, utilização de amostrascompostas, tamização e agitação para extração das amostras de solo. Adicionalmenteavaliou-se a condição de umidade relativa do ar durante a extração e a iluminaçãodurante revelação das imagens. Em relação ao processo de impregnação do PF, foipossível verificar diferenças nos cromas, tendo melhor resultado a impregnação até3,8 cm com controle de volume e a impregnação até 3 cm sem controle de volume.Não houve diferença em relação aos métodos de tamização e agitação. A utilizaçãode amostras compostas mostrou-se viável, dado a correspondência das repetições.Por fim, foi possível verificar que a umidade relativa do ar durante a difusão do estratoe a iluminação durante o processo de revelação das imagens alteram a qualidade doscromas. A partir desses resultados constata-se que a CP pode ser realizada tanto emlaboratório como no campo, observando as condições ambientais recomendadas e,na etapa de impregnação do PF, adotando a marca de 3 cm ou de 3,8 cm com controlede volume. Com intuito de verificar o emprego da CP como indicador da qualidade dosolo, considerando suas quatro zonas, as mesmas foram categorizadas ecorrelacionada com outros indicadores: zona central e resistência à penetração dosolo, zona interna e parâmetros químicos, zona externa e bioindicadores, zonaenzimática e enzimas. Houve correlação negativa entre a zona central e a média dasresistências à penetração dentro do intervalo 0 – 40 cm de profundidade. A zonainterna apresentou correlação positiva com a matéria orgânica, a zona média secorrelacionou fortemente com o carbono da biomassa microbiana e a zona externaapresentou expressiva correlação com as enzimas fosfatase ácida e arilsulfatase.Conclui-se que a CP é um método sensível para o diagnóstico da qualidade do solo,demonstrando que a partir do exame e interpretação dos padrões formados nasdistintas zonas, torna-se possível compreender as condições físicas, químicas ebiológicas presentes no sistema.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de inoculante longa vida em diferentes períodos de tempo na pré semeadura na cultura da soja (Glycine max L.)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-06-09) Contin, Rodrigo Ferrari; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Tashima, Hatiro; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8757-4600; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0514640010249563; Manetti, Fabio Augusto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2126891963179008
In search of technological advances for soybean production, many researchers are dedicated to the study of biological nitrogen fixation (FBN) in soybeans, because it is a crop that demands a high amount to develop. Seed inoculation is a technology that establishes the necessary physical contact of the soybean seed as a vehicle for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the seed. The present study evaluated long-life inoculants in the soybean crop at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days before seeding under the height of the aerial part and stem diameter of the plants, dry and fresh mass of the aerial part and roots, amount of pods with three, two and one grains, mass of a thousand grains and productivity. In the evaluated variables, the use of long-life inoculant is viable technology and its use in soybean sowing is recommended.