Ciências Agrárias

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Avaliação da potabilidade de água bruta no município de Bandeirantes-PR
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2019-02-28) Zamboni, Silvia Aparecida Schmith; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Cruz, Mariza Fordelone Rosa da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-8820; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5308615937693528; Nicolosi, Mateus Marrafon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Lima, Cristina Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-4286; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3072842301542197; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
Even if our planet is filled with water, the potable portion is very small in comparison to all existing water, besides an irregular distribution among the population, and suffering more and more degradation by man, due to industrialization, agriculture, for example. Several parameters are analyzed for this to be accomplished, and based on this, this work analyzed the physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of the treatment plant (ETA) of the municipality of Bandeirantes – PR at its six catchment points (Rio das Cinzas – RC, four points of the Guarani Aquifer – AG1, AG2, AG3 and AG4 and Poço Artesiano Sertãozinho – PAS), comparing the seasons of the year in three consecutive years. pH, turbidity, organic matter, color, heterotrophic bacteria, total and fecal coliforms were evaluated. The results demonstrated, for example, that the RC point presented pH close to neutrality, while in the PAS point it had a range of 6.9 to 8.0 and in the aquifers values with higher pH between 8.0 and 9.6, that is, also higher in comparison to the RC point. Alkalinity was higher in the aquifers with intervals of 75–163 mg/L CaCO₃ between them, and PAS ranged from 109–130 mg/L CaCO₃ compared to RC, which had values of 46–55 mg/L CaCO₃, which is related to the higher pH and the high alkalinity of the aquifers. In the same way, dissolved oxygen with values at the RC point obtained higher values ranging from 5.45–16.2 mg/L, while in aquifers AG1, AG2, AG3 and AG4 obtained smaller values with intervals between 0.56–8.50 mg/L, and PAS ranged from 4.39–14.9 mg/L, due to the depth and high temperatures of these sites. In addition, data from the analysis of pesticides in water proved to be satisfactory under the legislation. It is concluded with this study that the RC point needs a more complex treatment for its use destined to the consumption of the population of the municipality in question.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Características agronômicas e produtividade de milho em diferentes espaçamentos e distribuições espaciais
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2019-01-24) Aquino, Ligiane de Oliveira; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Bellettini, Nair Mieko Takaki; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4790986619781575; Miyashiro, Camila Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-5222; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2371509251800524; Osipe, Jethro Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9692340257207288; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
The spatial distribution of plants in corn cultivation is a form of management that aims to improve the use of the cultivation area, enabling optimization in the use of farm resources environment and consequently, maximizing grain yield. Changes to the system planting such as reducing the spacing between rows and double row systems are ways of manipulate the spatial distribution of plants. In this sense, the objective of the present work was evaluate the development of corn crops in relation to agronomic and productivity in different spatial distributions of plants. The experiment was conducted in the Farm area of the State University of Northern Paraná – Campus Luiz Meneghel, Bandeirantes, Paraná, in the summer harvest of the 2017/2018 agricultural year. The design experimental design was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 4 replications, with treatments consisting of spacing between limited simple rows of 0.45 m, spacing between conventional simple rows of 0.70 and 0.90 m and spacing between equivalent double rows of 1.00 x 0.40 m and 1.40 x 0.40 m. Populations were evaluated of plants by the initial and final stands; morphological characteristics due to height variations, insertion height of the first ear, relationship between ear height and plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index and lodging; and how ear characteristics and productive components by length and diameter variables of the cob, diameter of the cob, number of rows of grains, mass of one thousand grains, mass of kernels per ear, number of kernels per ear, ear index, number of ears per hectare and productivity. The variables analyzed relating to morphological characteristics do not were influenced by the spatial distribution of plants. For the tang characteristics and productive components, the variables length and diameter of the cob, diameter of the cob, number of rows of grains, mass of thousand grains, mass of grains per ear and number of grains per ear were also not influenced by the spatial distribution of plants. To index of ears, number of ears per hectare and productivity, spatial distribution in row single row of 0.70 m and its equivalent in double row (1.00 x 0.40 m) were similar. THE spatial distribution of plants in simple rows of 0.70 m showed greater increases in grain productivity in relation to the double row of 1.40 x 0.40 due to the higher rates of ears and number of ears per hectare.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Controle do cancro cítrico pelo uso de biofertilizante
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-07-18) Reis, Pedro Francisco da Silveira; Zawadzki, Aline Vanessa Sauer; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9710; Zawadzki, Aline Vanessa Sauer; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9710; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Suguimoto, Helio Hiroshi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8461-3079; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6108199155863004; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
Citrus canker caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, directly interferes with fruit production and quality. This bacterium is capable of infecting young tissues, leaves, fruits and branches, which can cause necrosis, defoliation and premature fruit drop. As a sustainable alternative to modern agriculture in controlling diseases in plants, biofertilizers have stood out. In this way, the objective of this work was to verify the efficiency of a commercial and microfiltered biofertilizer in citrus canker control. For the determination of the microbial flora, an activated sample of the commercial product was obtained, and seeded in means of specific and selective cultures. For in vitro analysis, the isolates were inoculated in Petri dishes in Agar Nutrient (NA) culture medium in the presence of the activated and microfiltered biofertilizer, the size of colonies were evaluated in the presence of the two compositions. Two sweet orange varieties (Folha Murcha and Pera) and the potential of the biofertilizer in the control of the inoculated disease were evaluated. The leaves were disinfected and inoculated by needle punching, eight perforations per leaf. Four replicates of each biofertilizer dose (0, 5, 10 and 15 L ha-1) were used and the evaluations were performed at 10, 15 and 20 days after inoculation by measuring the lesion diameter. The test used to compare the means of the parameters evaluated was that of Scott Knott, at a level of 5% of significance. The results obtained in vitro showed a smaller diameter of CFU in the two compositions of the biofertilizer (activated and microfiltered). In leaves, the Pera variety showed greater resistance to the pathogen. The commercial dose 10 L ha-1 obtained smaller mean diameter in both compositions (activated and microfiltered). As for days after inoculation, there was no increase in lesion size in the tested varieties, but compared to the two varieties, Pera showed smaller diameters of lesions on the adaxial surface as the days increased.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de dosador de fertilizantes sólidos de dupla esteira
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-07-30) Delgado, José Fernando de Oliveira; Nicolosi, Mateus Marrafon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
The distribution of granular fertilizers is carried out together with sowing and acquired more use with direct planting, which seeks to turn over as little of the soil as possible, but they must be used rationally. Considering the importance of fertilization, the objective of this work was to develop a new concept of fertilizer metering for seeders with a simple technology fertilizer metering mechanism ensuring uniform application. The experiment was carried out in three stages divided between the development of the solid fertilizer dosing prototype, bench testing of the prototype and different inclinations, carried out in the Mechanical Engineering laboratory of the Pitágoras Unopar University, Campus Bandeirantes-PR, and finally the field experiment carried out in the city of Vicentinópolis-GO, using corn crop and fertilizer formulation 08-28-18, implemented in November 2020. The design was in randomized blocks with 02 treatments, in T1 (helical feeder) and T2 (doser conveyor belt), with sampling of 31 sequential plants. The plots consisted of 05 lines of corn, 100 m long by 2.5 m wide, totaling 250 m², and considering the useful area of the central lines of each treatment. The variables analyzed were: height of ear insertion, stem diameter, longitudinal distribution between plants and yield per plant at the end of the crop cycle. The obtained results were submitted to the analysis of control charts of individual values and moving range. The treatments showed similar distribution between plants with an average of 36.7 cm, however, the uniform distribution of fertilizer by T2 (DDE) had an average productivity per plant of 272.72 g compared to T1 (DH) which was 255.4 g per plant, totaling 13,792.12 kg ha⁻¹ for T1 and 14,702.98 kg ha⁻¹ for T2, which represents a real productivity gain of 6.6%.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hidróxidos e carbonatos na dinâmica do pH do solo: efeitos na microbiota e no desenvolvimento da cultura da soja
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Silva, Matheus Hashimoto da; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Nicolosi, Mateus Marrafon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Dário, Gustavo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-6881; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5682942731827088; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
In agriculture, soil amendments play a crucial role in supplying nutrients, correcting pH, and promoting a range of vital benefits for healthy plant development. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of pH correction at different soil depths in soybean cultivation, considering the application of amendments composed of calcium and magnesium hydroxides and carbonates, in order to determine the most suitable parameters for the use of these elements. The treatments were organized in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications, using plots of 2.7 m wide by 5 m long, totaling an area of 13.5 m² per plot. The trial included a total of 14 treatments, organized as follows: control (T1); applications of hydroxides and carbonates, in granular and powder form, at doses corresponding to 50, 100, and 150% of the recommended dose, all associated with the biological mixture (T2 to T13); and a treatment composed only of the biological mixture (T14). The biological mixture was composed of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus aryabhattai, Trichoderma sp., Bradyrhizobium japonicum, and Azospirillum brasiliense, which were mixed and applied to the soil 31 days after crop emergence. The following variables were considered for evaluation: pH correction in the 0-10, 0-20, and 20-40 cm soil depth layers; changes in calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels; root system dry mass (RSM); shoot dry mass (SDM); number of pods per plant (NPP); thousand-grain weight (TGW); final crop yield (bags ha⁻¹); and monitoring of soil microbiological activities. The application of hydroxides resulted in a greater increase in soil pH in both evaluated depth layers compared to the application of carbonates. Forty-five days after the application of the amendments, it was observed that, in the 0–10 cm layer and at the highest dose used (1,428 kg ha⁻¹), the hydroxides raised the soil pH from 4.7 to 5.4, while carbonate, at the same dose, increased it to 4.9. The correction of the soil pH promoted a more favorable environment for the microbiota, increasing biological activity and nutrient availability. The improvement of the chemical and biological components of the soil resulted in greater root development and an increase in the number of pods per plant, culminating in increased soybean crop productivity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência das substâncias húmicas e fúlvicas nos atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023-06-28) Silva, Marco Aurélio da; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Nicolosi, Mateus Marrafon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5740779198324583; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881; Kolln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631
Current agriculture has been intensifying studies in order to reduce the environmental impacts caused by pesticides. Humic and fulvic substances are organic compounds derived from the decomposition of plant and animal waste from the environment, which can be used as alternative inputs for the management of various crops. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of humic and fulvic substances on the chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil in the soybean crop. The test was carried out in the field in the city of Itambaracá-PR., where the use of two doses of substances based on humic and fulvic acids with and without association with Bacillus sp. were evaluated, totaling 6 treatments and 5 repetitions. The chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil were evaluated before planting and at the flowering stage (R2), soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 - 10 cm and macronutrients, pH and organic matter present in the soil were evaluated. In the microbiological analyses, Microbial Biomass Carbon (CBM), Soil Basal Respiration (RBS), microbial and metabolic quotient were evaluated to determine the microbial activity. The agronomic parameters evaluated were fresh and dry mass of shoots and roots, dry weight of nodules and productivity. The results show little variation in the chemical attributes, however there is a considerable improvement in the concentration of organic matter in areas that received humic and fulvic substances at a dose of 4 L ha-1, a fact also observed in the microbiological attributes in treatment without the addition of Bacillus sp. In terms of agronomic attributes, the treatments did not differ statistically compared to the control. As a consequence of the improvement in organic matter and microbiological attributes, better plant development is observed and also an increase in productivity of 10 to 14 bags per hectare, with a dose of 4 L ha-1 without and with association of Bacillus sp. It is concluded that substances based on humic and fulvic acids at a dose of 4 L ha-1 with or without association with Bacillus sp. promoted improvement in the microbiological attributes of the soil and consequently in the development of the soybean crop.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência de Bacillus spp. nos atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo e no desenvolvimento da soja e do milho
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2018-09-27) Alves, Alex João; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Lescano, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881
Soybean and corn are cultivated worldwide, having great economic importance in Brazil. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria inhabit the soil and are frequently isolated from the rhizosphere of various cultivated plants. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus have great potential to be used as biological control agents, thereby maintaining seed viability. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (Bacillus spp.) on the development of corn and soybean crops. The bacteria used in this work belong to the microorganism collection of the Soil Laboratory at the State University of Northern Paraná. These were isolated from soil samples subjected to three years of biological fertilization. From the isolated strains, three Bacillus bacteria were selected and designated Isolates 1, 2 and 3. The studies were carried out with soybean cultivar BMX POTÊNCIA and corn cultivar KWS 9004. The treatments used in the soybean and corn experiments are shown in Table 1. Bacteria inoculation was performed prior to sowing. Treatments were applied shortly before sowing; both seed types were treated in the shade, using a solution volume of 800 mL/100 kg of seeds. In all treatments, including the control, the fungicide/insecticide Standak Top was applied at a dose of 2.0 mL/100 kg of seeds. Evaluations included post-harvest chemical analysis of soybean and corn, analysis of soil microbiological attributes, and plant growth parameters (shoots, roots, and yield). It may be concluded that in soybean, interaction was observed with the pH factor and in the mineralization of P and K; microbial population increased in treatment B3‑2, whereas yield decreased in treatment B1‑2. In corn, interaction was observed with P and K, which differed significantly from the control but did not differ among inoculated treatments; microbial population also increased in treatments B1‑2 and B2‑1, accompanied by yield increase in treatment B2‑1. Inoculation with Bacillus spp. produced distinct results in soybean and corn. Further studies are needed, including testing cell protectors that maintain bacterial viability during seed germination and assessing other environmental variables that may interfere with bacterial survival. Nevertheless, there is substantial potential for commercial inoculant development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sistema Plocher e o desenvolvimento da cultura soja
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-07-30) Sene, Danielly Wisoczynski de; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881; Osipi, Elisete Aparecida Fernandes; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5318-8930; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8390213471391126
Within the world agribusiness, soybean production is among the economic activities that have grown the most in recent decades and, in the search for greater productivity, alternative managements are adopted to increase and/or facilitate the availability of nutrients and, consequently, improve plant performance. The reorganization of water as an irrigation technique is considered a physical factor that acts positively in the absorption and assimilation of nutrients essential for the growth and development of plants and agricultural products of biological origin, in addition to being aimed at sustainable management, promote a quality agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the Plocher® System on soybean development. The studies were conducted at the State University of Northern Paraná, Campus Luiz Meneghel, at the Soil Microbiology Laboratory and at Fazenda Escola Prof. Eduardo Meneghel Rando. The Plocher® System promoted an increase in seed germination and its influence was not observed in the nutritional aspect of the plants under the treatments in liquid solutions. In the field, the System provided an increase in the physicochemical attributes of the soil, colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, better rooting of plants and, consequently, an increase in grain yield.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Valoração dos serviços ambientais: a importância dapolinização como gestão ambiental nas áreas agrícolas do município de Bandeirantes - PR
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-02-26) Moretti, Elisângela Milani De Souza; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Alves, Karina Aline; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-0224; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915234182529881; Negreiros, Letícia Fernandes de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-2718; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9320414337751698; Zawadzki, Aline Vanessa Sauer; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9710
Natural wealth is essential for the survival of living beings. However, natural resources are finite and must be guaranteed for future generations. Public policies such as the National Policy for Payment for Environmental Services (PNPSA) were formulated to guarantee the necessary care of these resources. The PSA is a way of monetarily rewarding those who preserve forest areas, springs, and streams with the aim of improving quality of life. The objective of this study is to measure the valuation of environmental services provided by the maintenance of forested areas and by pollination in agricultural areas, and to show the importance of caring for natural resources in relation to the benefits and impacts caused in agribusiness, serving as a basis for property management in the municipality of Bandeirantes/PR. The methods used were VP (pollination value), VA (environmental valuation), and VUD (direct use value), with data extracted from the feasibility of implementing apiaries and the annual production of permanent and temporary crops in the municipality. Forested areas from 1970 and 2012 were obtained from the UENP Geomatics Laboratory database. Data from forest fragments of 1970 and 2012 were processed using the SPRING/INPE Geographic Information System (Version 5.2.6). There was a reduction in forested area over four decades due to the introduction of permanent and temporary crops. In economically important crops such as coffee, soy, orange, tomato, passion fruit, and beans, it was observed that the pollination value (PV) represents 23% of the total annual production value of these crops, which in 2019 represented R$ 18,302,750.00. For the soybean crop alone, the pollination value represents 11.25 bags ha⁻¹. Economic viability was found for apiary operations starting in the second year, and may represent a second source of income from the sale of honey products. Regarding Payment for Environmental Services for the maintenance of forested areas, based on the state minimum wage and the fiscal module, there was a gain of R$ 922.5 ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, equivalent to R$ 2,686,417.00 year⁻¹ for the municipality. The valuation of environmental services, as well as the implementation of PSA, can be an important incentive for the preservation and maintenance of forested areas, seen as added value and financial return for agricultural activity.

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