Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aeronave remotamente pilotável na qualidade da aplicação
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023-04-27) Silva, Adenilson de Souza da; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Baio, Fabio Henrique Rojo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-0342; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5720701444145747
Global demand for food continues to rise, necessitating a continuous increase in agricultural production. This highlights the significant importance of the Brazilian agribusiness in the world. In light of this situation, a new application technology has been widely used worldwide: the application with Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAs). There is not much information available about this technology, as research data obtained in Brazil is scarce, leading to inconsistent information generated without scientific support. This hinders more technical analysis of agronomic, environmental, and economic feasibility. The objective of this research was to study the effects of weather conditions, application rates, droplet classes, flight heights, and application speeds on the deposition and coverage of remotely piloted aircraft application. The experiment with application rates and droplet classes was conducted in a 2x2x4 factorial design, with two application conditions during the day (morning and afternoon), two droplet size classes (medium and coarse), and four application rates (5, 6.5, 8.5, 10 L ha-1). The experiments with flight heights and application speeds were set up in a 2x5 (two application conditions × five flight heights - 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 meters) and 2x4 (two application conditions × four operation speeds - 3, 4, 5, and 6 m s-1) factorial design, both experiments at an application rate of 5 L ha-1 and with a medium droplet class. The data were analyzed using canonical analysis techniques. The results indicate that deposition and coverage are not affected by weather conditions in the coarse droplet class but are significantly affected in the medium droplet class. Coverage has a negative relationship with deposition. Applications with favorable weather parameters benefit deposition with the medium droplet class, regardless of the application rate, and coverage is more negatively affected by unfavorable weather conditions than deposition. Coverage and deposition have different effects on changes in application rates. Medium droplet classes provide greater variability in deposition, while coarse droplet classes provide greater variability in coverage. Treatments at heights of 3 and 4 meters had the greatest coverage variability and correlation with relative humidity. There was greater similarity in data variability between speeds of 4 and 5 m s-1 compared to other speeds, indicating that these two speeds do not have statistical differences. Speeds of 3 and 6 m s-1 were the treatments that correlated with deposition and coverage due to their proximity to the vectors. Deposition and coverage exhibited a positive correlation with each other and a negative correlation with meteorological variables. Temperature and humidity were the variables causing the greatest variability in the data. Lower flight heights have a positive impact on coverage and deposition, being less affected by weather conditions. Higher wind speed increases the variability of coverage and deposition. The effect of RPA application speed is dependent on the prevailing meteorological condition at the time of application.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da fragilidade e do conflito de uso do solo em área de recarga do Aquífero Guarani
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-05-26) Andrade, Daniel Campanelli de; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Caviglione, João Henrique; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2518-0031; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8720140370218094; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Medri, Cristiano; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-9376; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5988159401368852
This essay had the aim of evaluating the fragility and the conflict of the use of soils from six watersheds on the recharging area of Guarani Aquifer, on the Rio das Cinzas’s medium watershed, Norte Pioneiro Paraná. From the using of geotechnologies and the Boolean logic for maps creation, it was possible to gather data referring to the current use of the soil, erosion’s natural potential (ENP), agricultural aptitude of the grounds and to end, the analyses of the conflict of the soil’s use. These are essential studies to prevent environmental impact, whose results enable planning in search of sustainability. The results demonstrated the high potential of soil loss, confirming the fragility of the region. In relation to the uses, it was found all the predetermined sorts, water, urban, forest, silviculture, farming and pasture, standing out the last two ones. The lands of the study area of the search shows a lot of agriculture aptitudes, from the good for farming up to the regular for pasture. The analyses’ result about the conflict of the soil’s use demonstrated the lack of planning when choosing the cultivation implanted, presenting vast areas with underutilization of the soil and some of them with overutilization. This lack of planning combined with the fragility in potential presented's by the soils might bring about significant losses, less agricultural productivity and direct impacts on Guarani Aquifer’s recharging.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise das declarações do cadastro ambiental rural em relação as certificações de área do SIGEF
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2023) Fonseca Junior, Edson José; Kolln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Reis, Luiz Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-8535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310404758664835; Reis, Teresinha Esteves da Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-4790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705088234641018; Duft, Daniel Garbellini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-9687; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1960620473831019
Amidst controversy, the Brazilian Forest Code was sanctioned in 2012, together too a new tool for analyzing rural properties was created, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR). This is a electronic public record, mandatory for all rural properties, the purpose of integrating environmental information on rural properties and possessions referring to Permanent Preservation Areas (APP), of restricted use, Legal Reserve, remnants of forests and other forms of native vegetation, and consolidated areas, composing a database for control, monitoring, environmental and economic planning and combating deforestation. The registration tool has been demonstrating some divergences, in the georeferencing tab, which aims to identify information on land use and occupation and its perimeter. The aim of this work was to evaluate the divergences of information obtained by the CAR due to the different ways of inserting maps and to analyze the precision and accuracy of the topographic survey methods applied to the measurement of rural properties of different sizes and formats. The methodology recommended by SIGEF was adopted for georeferencing purposes, using conventional topography methods, the use of high-precision GNSS equipment and remote sensing. A map generated from Google Earth was produced for each property in a KML file. The maps obtained were inserted into the application for rural environmental registration made available by the Brazilian Institute of the Environment, on the orbital image contained therein, establishing comparisons for each of the methods. The data were processed in topographic automation software and, when possible, the coordinates were adjusted to the Brazilian Continuous Monitoring Network (RBMC). The analyzes of comparisons between the methods were performed Separated into four groups according to the size of the properties. We hope that the Rural Environmental Registry tool can facilitate environmental monitoring and, consequently, ecosystem service. The results showed us that the quality of the registration is directly linked to the quality of the georeferencing section of the CAR application, and when associated with the certification data we have a more reliable result of the declaration. Our data showed that due to the quality of the data used for the CAR declaration we can have positive and negative impacts mainly due to the increase in the provision of ecosystem services (eg water quality) and increase in production costs, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos biológicos de Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1767) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e testes com nematoides entomopatogênicos (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae e Heterorhabditidae) visando o seu controle
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-04-16) Giannasi, Andréia de Oliveira; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Ringenberg, Rudiney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-5535; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3610407592944170; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452
The black-cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a pest of economic importance in many cultures, including corn (Zea mays) reaching the potential loss of 20%, the lack of information about its impact on corn motivated a comparison of their biology, in the larval and pupal stages with artificial and natural diet (corn leaf). Entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs) present along with one bacterial symbiont association that manages to control insects. The infective juvenile nematodes of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis Heterorhabditis seek their hosts in the soil and, when they find them in their natural openings penetrate or pierce their cuticle killing the insect within 48 hours. In the laboratory, larvae were individually and fed with artificial diet and corn leaf daily to assess the biological parameters of duration and viability of larval instars, and total duration of each individual instar larval and pupal sex ratio, deformation, mass of caterpillars and pupae, consumption and utilization of food. Was also made in the selection of isolates of NEPs laboratory using nine isolates, namely: Heterorhabditis amazonensis (RSC05); Heterorhabditis indica (IBCB-n05); H. sp. (JPM4), H. sp. (IBCB-n40); H. sp. (NEPET 11); H. sp. (IBCB-n44); H. sp. (Alho); Steinernema carpocapsae (IBCB-n02) and S. sp. (CH3). Test was also performed with different stages in the larval and pupal stages, various concentrations of test (0 – witness, 50 JIs/cm2, 100 JIs/cm2, 150 JIs/cm2and 200 JIs/cm2) of NEPs and in vivo production in Galleria mellonella L. caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) with isolated IBCB-n02, IBCB-n05 and Alho, where the concentration of selection test and 3º instar larvae of A. ipsilon and test at home a greenhouse were used. The biology of life, the caterpillars that were fed corn leaf had higher larval duration and greater deformity in adults and pupae, and larvae fed on artificial diet had greater viability of larvae and pupae and shorter larval duration, caterpillars fed with diet artificial ate more food, produced more feces, gained more weight and metabolized more food. In selecting only isolated NEPET 11 did not reach efficient mortality (10%), which differed from the rest that was above 80% to 100% with the isolated CH3. In the test with different stages in the larval stage and pupal stage no single reached higher mortality when compared with the 3º instar larvae in different concentrations of NEPs, isolated Alho reached 10% mortality for the concentration of 50 JIs/cm2and isolated IBCB-n05 reached 100% mortality at a concentration of 200 JIs/cm2. In production test in vivo isolated Alho showed the highest production was 112 138 IJs / larva of G. mellonella. In-house-vegetation isolated IBCB-n02 caused higher mortality differed from the control. The results of this study show that different isolates NEPs have infectivity in the laboratory efficient (greater than 80%) for use in biological control programs for A. ipsilon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Associação de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo e transferência de embrião em tempo fixo em vacas de corte mestiças
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022-05-24) Seugling, Guilherme Henrique Freitas; Barreiros, Thales Ricardo Rigo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-5901; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5374406053323863; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9502-6996; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Cavalieri, Fabio Luiz Bim; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4246-6995; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6534931458837778; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Prohmann, Paulo Emílio Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1777074807269801
The experiment started in the breeding season of 2020/2021, until April/2022, in 3 properties located in Santo Antônio da Platina, Paraná, Brazil. Initially, 143 sows were used, which were synchronized through an FTAI protocol and inseminated, seven days after artificial insemination, embryo transfer was carried out for induction of twin pregnancies, 30 and 60 days after insemination, the diagnosis of pregnancy with ultrasound, to determine the FTAI/TETTF pregnancy rate. The total AI/TE pregnancy rate was 60.93% with results ranging from 71.43% to 52.73% between properties. The twin birth rate after the combination of techniques was 20.31% (26/128). It was also found that the time of gestation was affected by the presence of two fetuses in the uterus. The average of twin pregnancies was 283.64 ± 3.4 days (p < 0.01), whereas for single Nellore/IA it was 294.79 ± 5.68 and Tabapuã/IVF 295.52 ± 8.87 not differing from each other. As expected, there was a difference in birth weights between males and females, for twin pregnancies and Nelore/IA (p < 0.05) however there was no difference between males and females Tabapuã/IVF. The final stillbirth of calves from twin/triple births was 34.61% (18/52), with five twin births with the death of both calves. When analyzing the relationship between the weight of calves at weaning and the weight of the mother, the result was 71.48% in calves that were lactated as twins. This ratio was 32.42% higher than for single Tabapuã/IVF calves and 76.89% for Nellore/IA calves.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade larvicida e caracterização fitoquímica do extrato hidroetanólico de Ruta graveolens L. contra Aedes aegypti
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Costa, Poliana Caruline Rosa da; Peixoto, Erika Cosendey de Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-4282; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0963818563395019; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153; Bovolenta, Yves Rafael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9684-1848; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4601902582773437; Silva, José Renato da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8289-7768; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8034221689854743
The increase in diseases transmitted by mosquito vectors and the resistance associated with the continuous use of synthetic insecticides highlight the need for effective and environmentally safe alternatives. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of the hydroethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens L. against Aedes aegypti larvae, as well as to chemically characterize the extract. The extract was obtained by maceration in a 70% hydroethanolic solution, followed by concentration and lyophilization. A. aegypti eggs were collected using ovitraps in the municipality of Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil, and the larvae were reared to the L3 and L4 stages. Larvicidal bioassays were performed in quadruplicate, with 40 larvae per treatment, using concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL, along with positive and negative controls. After 48 hours of exposure, mortality rates of 65% were observed at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL, whereas the concentration of 1 mg/mL resulted in 100% mortality, a result equivalent to the commercial larvicide used as positive control. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of total phenolics (58.76 ± 1.70 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (41.55 ± 1.30 mg QE/g). LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of rutin in the extract, while quercetin was not detected. These results demonstrate the strong larvicidal potential of the hydroethanolic extract of R. graveolens, particularly at the concentration of 1 mg/mL, indicating its viability as an alternative for A. aegypti control and supporting further studies to determine lethal doses and assess toxicological safety.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade nematicida de extratos de Brugmansia suaveolens sobre Meloidogyne incognita
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Venâncio, Stéphany de Campos; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Poletto, Rodrigo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-7865; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8774064317309922; Silva, Santino Aleandro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1019-1926; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8341476195396585
Meloidogyne incognita stands out as one of the most aggressive and widely distributed species in tropical regions, causing severe damage to plant root systems. The need for alternatives to synthetic nematicides drives research into plant-based compounds with biological potential and lower environmental impact. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts from leaves and flowers of Brugmansia suaveolens (Solanaceae) on second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. incognita. The experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, using J2 obtained from infected tomato roots, processed with sodium hypochlorite solution and filtered through 250 and 500 mesh sieves. The suspensions containing J2 were exposed to two types of extracts (aqueous and hydroalcoholic) at different concentrations, and a negative control was performed with distilled water. The mortality of the juveniles was evaluated after 24 hours of exposure, and the data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p<0.05). The aqueous extracts caused higher mortality of M. incognita J2, with the flower extract causing up to 98% mortality in all concentrations evaluated and showing no significant difference. The aqueous leaf extract, on the other hand, showed dose-dependent mortality, with values varying according to the dose tested. For the hydroalcoholic extracts, mortality was observed in the extracts obtained from flowers and leaves, with values ranging from 46 to 59% mortality. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the detection and identification of volatile chemical constituents present in B. suaveolens extracts confirmed significant differences between the extracts, both in terms of the extraction method and the part of the plant used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da produção in vivo, alternativas de meio de cultura e diferentes concentrações de inóculo para produção in vitro de Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Isolado UEL 08)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2022) Doneze, Gabriela Souza; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Alves, Luis Francisco Angeli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-764X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0613029292752945
Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN) are obligate parasites that have an association with symbiotic bacteria and cause mortality in insects, so they are excellent agents in biological control. EPN-based products are a reality outside Brazil, but here, they are still scarce due to the difficulty of large-scale production. On the other hand, the native isolate Heterorhabditis amazonensis (UEL 08) was evaluated as a potential agent for use in the control of the avian rattlesnake, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Although pathogenicity and virulence tests on the insect indicate that this is a promising isolate, there is no evidence that it can be produced on a large scale and used to control this pest. Therefore, this work aimed to perform in vivo and in vitro production tests of isolate UEL 08. For the in vivo test, Galleria mellonella larvae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used as host and the production per larva, per gram of larva and total production was evaluated. In vitro production was evaluated using solid and semi-solid medium containing different fat sources (corn, canola, cotton, soybean, coconut, pork fat and bovine milk butter). Subsequently, different inoculum sizes (1,000, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500 and 10,000 Infecting Juveniles (IJs)/fry) were evaluated. The trials were conducted in an entirely randomized design, with four replicates for each treatment. In the in vivo production assay we observed a production of 6.5 × 10⁴ IJs/larva and a total production of 6.5 × 10⁵ IJs/repetition. In in vitro production in solid medium, there was a difference between the fat sources used, with corn oil providing the highest production with 926.5 IJs/mL of medium. In semi-solid medium, corn oil also showed the best production, with 3.2 × 10⁴ IJs/mL, differing from all other fat sources evaluated. The IJs produced both in solid and semi-solid medium were virulent when applied on G. mellonella larvae, with mortality values approaching 100%. The best inoculum concentration in semi-solid medium was 1,000 IJs/well.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de inoculante longa vida em diferentes períodos de tempo na pré semeadura na cultura da soja (Glycine max L.)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-06-09) Contin, Rodrigo Ferrari; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Bellettini, Silvestre; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-544X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0540747739983343; Tashima, Hatiro; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8757-4600; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0514640010249563; Manetti, Fabio Augusto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2126891963179008
In search of technological advances for soybean production, many researchers are dedicated to the study of biological nitrogen fixation (FBN) in soybeans, because it is a crop that demands a high amount to develop. Seed inoculation is a technology that establishes the necessary physical contact of the soybean seed as a vehicle for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the seed. The present study evaluated long-life inoculants in the soybean crop at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days before seeding under the height of the aerial part and stem diameter of the plants, dry and fresh mass of the aerial part and roots, amount of pods with three, two and one grains, mass of a thousand grains and productivity. In the evaluated variables, the use of long-life inoculant is viable technology and its use in soybean sowing is recommended.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bases biológicas de Trichogramma pretiosum (Riley, 1879) (Hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) e nematoides entomopatogênicos sobre Rachiplusia nu (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: noctuidae) na cultura da soja
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2024) Andrade, Nathália Costalonga; Bueno, Adeney de Freitas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-5845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7329418125245335; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Silva, Gabriela Vieira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-0391; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6593862082231188; Carvalho, Vanessa Andalo Mendes de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6310-1680; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132224406035792; Bueno, Adeney de Freitas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-5845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7329418125245335
Brazil is considered the world's largest producer of soybeans (Glycine max) and has high levels of use of Bt soybeans, which provide control over various caterpillars that attack this crop, such as the species Rachiplusia nu (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). However, the occurrence of this species has been reported in some Brazilian states on Bt soybeans (Cry1Ac), which may indicate resistance, increasing its importance as a pest insect. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the biological bases of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and entomopathogenic nematodes (NEP) of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema with a view to controlling R. nu, separately. To this end, tests were carried out with the parasitoid T. pretiosum to assess its biological characteristics and parasitism capacity on R. nu eggs at temperatures of 20, 25 and 30ºC. The parameters evaluated in the biology tests were: duration of development (egg-adult); percentage of emergence (viability); number of individuals per egg and sex ratio. The parasitism capacity was also assessed at the same temperatures, and the following biological parameters were observed: number of eggs parasitized daily; cumulative percentage of parasitism; total number of eggs parasitized per female and female longevity. For the NEP, experiments were carried out on the selection of isolates (pathogenicity and virulence), the efficiency of different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 IJ/cm²) and tests on production (total production, production per caterpillar, production per gram of R. nu caterpillar). As for the data on parasitoid action, in the experiments on biology, the parameters percentage emergence and number of parasitoids per egg were not affected by the conditions studied. As for the sex ratio, the results obtained at 25 and 30ºC and the duration of development (egg-adult) showed differences between the three temperatures. In the capacity bioassays, the parasitism rate of T. pretiosum was directly influenced by temperature, and longevity was greater as the temperature decreased, while the accumulated percentage of parasitism varied from 6 to 10 days, from the highest temperature to the lowest, respectively. The highest number of parasitized eggs was 46 eggs per female. As a result of the NEP selection, isolates UEL07 and UENP06 were selected, both Heterorhabditis amazonensis, which showed 100% mortality in R. nu. At all concentrations, the nematodes were pathogenic on R. nu, with results of 98 to 100% mortality at the highest concentration used for isolates UENP06 and UEL07, respectively. Finally, the average total production of NEP was 2.9 × 10⁴ for UENP06 and 3.9 × 10⁴ for UEL07.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biocontrole de fitopatógenos: uma perspectiva integrada de produção científica e estudos experimentais
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Martins, Livian Soares; Marques, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Lescano; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Marques, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Lescano; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9211; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477576296995064; Sichieri, Rafaella Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7030413218339310; Reis, Guilherme Fonseca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5675852978278805
The biological control has been widely studied as a sustainable strategy for the management of plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi. This work aimed to evaluate the potential of Talaromyces stollii as a biocontrol agent of the soil phytopathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Macrophomina phaseolina and to analyze the evolution of scientific production on the molecular biology of biological control of plant diseases through a scientometric study. For the laboratory assays, T. stollii strain BCA1.1 was cultivated in dual culture on PDA with S. sclerotiorum and M. phaseolina. The action of volatile compounds and metabolites present in the supernatant obtained from the antagonist fungus culture on the growth of the phytopathogens was evaluated. For the scientometric analysis of publications on molecular mechanisms of antagonism between biocontrol agents and phytopathogens, data were collected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases between 1990 and 2024, analyzing indicators of scientific production growth, main thematic areas, authors, institutions, collaboration networks, and research trends. The experimental results showed that T. stollii inhibited both phytopathogens only in direct confrontation in dual culture. Macroscopic analysis of the plate revealed that the invasion of S. sclerotiorum initially occurred beneath and then above the mycelium, while in M. phaseolina the antagonist established itself over the mycelium through sporulation. Observations by optical light microscopy, using the adhesive tape method, allowed visualization of the typical hyphal coiling of mycoparasitism and the sporulation of the antagonist over the mycelium. Volatile compounds and non-volatile metabolites of T. stollii did not inhibit fungal growth. The results suggest that inhibition depends on direct contact, indicating that T. stollii may have potential in integrated management and in reducing chemical pesticides. The scientometric analysis showed that studies on molecular mechanisms of biocontrol began in 1990 and grew significantly from 2007 onwards, with an average annual rate of 9.99%. There was a shift from the study of classical agents, such as Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis, to modern approaches involving genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, enzyme production, secondary metabolites, and complex ecological interactions. Biological control has evolved from traditional practices to a science guided by “omics,” highlighting genomic prospecting and rational formulation of biological agents. China, Brazil, and India stand out, with international collaboration networks and greater participation of the global south. Future perspectives include multifunctional agents, genetic engineering, optimization of antifungal metabolites, and integration with sustainable management. The integration between laboratory results and scientometric analysis reinforces the potential of T. stollii and indicates that advances in biotechnology and molecular biology may expand its practical application in the control of agricultural diseases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Capacidade de tamponamento de fósforo em solos do Estado do Paraná
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Inoue, Marcos Yassuhiro; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Tiecher, Tales; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-2849; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7665378790484936; Silva, Francisco Carlos Mainardes da; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8008-620X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9683269855531828; Müller, Marcelo Marques Lopes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-2398; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3504404305495448; Rodrigues, Diego Resende; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-8943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9381400899886153
Phosphorus (P) partial saturation of sorption sites through corrective phosphate fertilization represents a key strategy for improving nutrient use efficiency in tropical and subtropical soils. The State of Paraná does not yet have a formalized and explicit method for recommending corrective fertilization. In this context, the objective of this study was to quantify the phosphorus buffering capacity (PBC) of soils from Paraná, adopting it as a baseline parameter for the recommendation of corrective P rates, as well as to develop predictive models based on clay content and/or remaining phosphorus (Prem). The experiment was conducted at the Soil Laboratory of the State University of Northern Paraná (UENP/CLM). Twenty-six soil samples were collected across the State of Paraná at a depth of 0–20 cm. When necessary, pH correction was performed through incubation with hydrated lime, targeting a pH of 5.5 in CaCl₂. The samples were characterized and incubated for 20 days with 12 different P rates, determined based on the maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity (MPAC), in three replicates. Triple superphosphate was used as the phosphorus source. At the end of the incubation period, soil P contents were determined by Mehlich-1 extraction and quantified using the colorimetric method. Mathematical models were fitted using segmented regression. Phosphorus buffering capacity (PBC) was then determined as the inverse of the slope coefficients of the fitted linear segments. The amounts required to increase soil P concentration by 1 mg dm⁻³ ranged from 2.557 to 58.824 kg P ha⁻¹. Exploratory data analysis enabled the grouping of estimated PBC values into classes according to clay content, organized into a practical interpretation and recommendation table. Mean values ranged from 3.94 kg P ha⁻¹ in soils with less than 250 g kg⁻¹ of clay to 25.89 kg P ha⁻¹ in soils with more than 400 g kg⁻¹ of clay. Considering soils with initial P availability classified as "very low," the required doses to reach sufficiency levels ranged approximately from 135 to 450 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹, depending on clay content, indicating that current recommendations may underestimate P requirements in highly clayey soils. Additionally, predictive models were developed using clay content and Prem as single predictors, as well as a multiple regression model incorporating both variables. The inclusion of Prem improved the explanatory power of the model. PBC increased significantly with increasing clay content. The PBC estimation table proved consistent for practical recommendation purposes, although the predictive models showed greater sensitivity in soils with clay contents between 400 and 550 g kg⁻¹. For the State of Paraná, where no formally established method for corrective phosphate fertilization currently exists, phosphorus buffering capacity (PBC) shows potential as a technical tool to support the definition of corrective P application rates.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização da reação de cultivares de feijão comum a isolados monospóricos de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2021-08-30) Carvalho, Bruna Martins; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Sauer, Aline Vanessa; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9710; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3853729166385893; Pedrinho, Denise Renata; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-6126; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9613493540842437
Fusarium wilt, a vascular disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (Fop), is one of the main diseases that affect the common bean. The disease significantly reduces grain production, leading to crop yield losses. So far, the most efficient method to control the disease is the use of cultivars that contain resistance genes, or at least cultivars that are tolerant to the pathogen. However, the high variability of the fungus may pose a problem for the development of genetic improvement programs for resistance to Fusarium wilt. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to characterize the reaction to different monosporic Fop isolates, obtained from symptomatic plants collected from crops in Paraná (IPR7.8, APR1.1 and APR2.10), Minas Gerais (PMG2.6 and PMG5.9) and the isolate provided by the IAC institute (IAC9453) in different common bean cultivars. The evaluation of the isolates was carried out in 11 cultivars, being 8 commercial and 3 differentiating. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with inoculation of Fop isolates by immersing the roots in conidia suspension. The design used was completely randomized, with 4 replications, 11 genotypes and 6 isolates, and disease symptoms were evaluated at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 32 days after inoculation. In each evaluation, the reaction of the cultivars against the isolates was attributed based on the CIAT scale. The mean scores obtained from the 32-day evaluation after inoculation were subjected to statistical analysis from which it was found that the group of cultivars that showed resistance and intermediate reactions to the isolates were: Bem-te-vi, Campos Gerais, Curió, Diacol, Tuning, Eldorado, Tangará and Tuiuiú. Cultivar Tuiuiú was the highlight of the most resistant cultivars. Rosinha G2, Preto Uberabinha and IPA6 were more susceptible to Fop isolates. The present isolates were not highly aggressive, however IPR7.8, PMG5.9 and IAC9453 were more virulent. From the results obtained, it is possible to suggest that there are at least 2 Fop races sampled in this study and that they are most likely races 1 and 2. Thus, considering that only 6 isolates were tested in this study, the indication of the occurrence of 2 different races between them suggests that there is great variability. Furthermore, the results obtained here show that there is good resistance to Fusarium wilt among common bean cultivars planted in the regions of greatest importance for the crop in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização e dinâmica do rebanho bovino na mesorregião Norte Pioneiro Paranaense
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2020) Vicentin, Guilherme Rosalem; Silva, Marcelo Alves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3283906522734749; Barreiros, Thales Ricardo Rigo; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8735-5901; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5374406053323863; Prohmann, Paulo Emílio Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1777074807269801; Porto, Petrônio Pinheiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2999-7612; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751366795715746; Nubiato, Keni Eduardo Zanoni; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8957-5457; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7558533573494842; Bona Filho, Amadeu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2447868844127977
The objective of this study was to survey the structure of the bovine herd and the resulting characterization and dynamics of the Paraná herd and the Norte Pioneiro Mesoregion. This survey was based on the official communication by producers to ADAPAR during the vaccination campaign against foot-and-mouth disease, in the months of November of the years 2006, 2016, 2017, and 2018, stratified by sex and age (0 to 12 months, 12 to 24 months, 24 to 36 months, over 36 months), culminating in general, State, Mesoregion, and Regional herd data. In addition, these data were compared with data obtained from IBGE in the years 2006 and 2017, from the agricultural census, on total herd and land use. Both Regionals and, consequently, the Mesoregion were characterized by not having specific breeding activity, with municipalities that stood out for breeding and others for finishing. It was evident that Paraná showed a decrease of 8% of its herd and 15% of pasture areas, but there was an increase in stocking rate from 1.93 to 2.09 heads/ha. A similar trend occurred in the Jacarezinho Regional, which also decreased pasture and herd, with stocking rate increasing from 1.64 to 1.70; in contrast, the Cornélio Procópio Regional, besides reducing pasture and herd, showed a decrease in stocking rate from 1.63 to 1.57. It was observed that the Cornélio Procópio Regional presented better results for the slaughter of young animals, above the average of the Mesoregion and State; in contrast, the Jacarezinho Regional presented late finishing. There was proximity between the slaughter estimates from animals that left the herd, based on foot-and-mouth disease vaccination records, and official data obtained from GTA for slaughter. It can be concluded that the Mesoregion has municipalities with potential for breeding and others for finishing, making it clear that there is no specificity in relation to breeding activity. In general, there was a decrease in pasture areas and in the herd, but growth in the stocking rate, demonstrating increased efficiency over the years. The Cornélio Procópio Regional revealed greater efficiency in animal finishing, with younger age at slaughter, above the percentages of the State and Mesoregion. Efficiency in calf production is low, with a need for improvement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cobertura do solo na deriva e no depósito de pulverizações sobre alvos artificiais
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-08-05) Medeiros, Flaviane Marcolin de; Gandolfo, Marco Antonio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Gandolfo, Marco Antonio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Oliveira, Rone Batista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-4827; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379804514613050; Abi-Saab, Otavio Jorge Grígoli; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-636X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8437035647330384; Rodrigues, Euripedes Bomfim; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-878X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9720688699522760; Ralisch, Ricardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4982-2112; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3620197655490764
The plant protection products are products to control pests, diseases and weeds and should be used with technology that allows its deposition in the desired location with minimal loss to the environment. Its use has intensified in recent years due to increased demand for food production, in the same idea the use of mulch as soil conservation practice soil and water. The aim of this study was to quantify the drift in the wind tunnel and the tank simulator agricultural sprays on soil with and without mulch. The experimental design was completely randomized subjected to analysis of variance and the treatment means by the Confidence Interval and the Tukey’s test (P<0.5). The drift was to evaluate in the wind tunnel with two wind speeds and the tank simulator spray two velocities (1 and 2 m s-1). These combined the two types of ground cover (with and without mulch) speeds totaling four treatments with four replications. The spray nozzles were used AXI 11002 at 414 kPa and the all were mixed up with a food color dye Blue FDC for spectrophotometry analysis of deposits. The results showed that the increase of wind speed in the tunnel have more pronounced effects on the drift in soil without mulch compared with soil covered. The increased speed of the spray affect the sediments on artificial collectors. The deposits collected are affected by the presence of straw on the soil surface. The longitudinal or transverse layout of artificial collectors relative to the spray bar produces no differences in the deposits collected.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Compatibilidade entre produtos fitossanitários utilizados na cultura da mandioca e agentes entomopatogênicos
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2016-09-26) Alboneti, Adriano Lúcio; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6619-8652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5443619889613070; Ringenberger, Rudiney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-5535; Alves, Viviane Sandra; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2381-8115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3794580975938452; Torres , João Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-9872; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2582950118304206; Zart, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5725233543133554; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449
This study aimed to assess the compatibility of commercial phytosanitary products used in the cassava crop, namely herbicides and insecticides/fungicides, regarding biological parameters of the entomopathogenic fungus M. anisopliae isolate UNIOESTE 86 and the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sp. isolate NEPET 11. Phytosanitary products were used at the labeled recommended dose (RD), half the recommended dose (½ RD) and twice the dose (2RD) for M. anisopliae, and RD for Heterorhabditis sp. For M. anisopliae, the biological parameters of germination, colony-forming unit, vegetative growth, and conidial production were evaluated. For Heterorhabditis sp., viability and infectivity were evaluated. Among the tested phytosanitary products, only Gaucho® proved moderately toxic at all three doses tested for M. anisopliae; no product was toxic to the fungus. Regarding the nematode, only the product Curyom® interfered with its infective capacity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consórcio de cana-de-açúcar com Crotalaria spectabilis, em ciclo de cana planta após soja
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2026) Silva, Luís Guilherme Pereira da; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Peixoto, Erika Cosendey Toledo de Mello; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0527-2158; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0963818563395019; Kölln, Oriel Tiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8507-9808; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8041626078120100; Lima, Claudinei Paulo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8352085023073169; Dário, Gustavo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-6881; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5682942731827088
Weed management in sugarcane is primarily based on pre-emergence herbicides; however, its effectiveness is constrained by multiple factors, such as climate and soil conditions, thereby requiring integrated management strategies. The use of Crotalaria spectabilis as a cover crop is promising; yet, its association with reduced herbicide doses lacks validation regarding selectivity and efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the integrated management of Crotalaria spectabilis and reduced herbicide doses during the plant cane cycle, testing weed suppression, legume selectivity to herbicides, and the impact on sugarcane yield. Using a randomized complete block design, the following treatments were evaluated in five replications: T1) C. spectabilis (Crot); T2) reduced herbicide dose (HPEm: 752 g a.i. ha⁻¹ clomazone + 175 g a.i. ha⁻¹ sulfentrazone); T3) full label herbicide dose (HPEM); T4) C. spectabilis associated with the reduced herbicide dose (Crot+HPEm); and T5) control. We assessed cover crop biomass and nutrient accumulation, weed phytosociology, and sugarcane yield. The Crot+HPEm treatment increased C. spectabilis biomass by 57% and enhanced nutrient cycling, suggesting a biostimulation effect. All treatments maintained very low overall weed infestation levels, but the herbicide-only treatments provided complete weed control. The Crot+HPEm intercrop showed lower weed suppression compared to C. spectabilis alone, allowing the selective emergence of Senna obtusifolia. Sugarcane yield ranged from 101.8 to 114.2 t ha⁻¹, and industrial quality parameters did not differ among treatments. Our results confirm that the intercrop effectively suppresses weeds, the reduced herbicide dose is selective and stimulates cover crop growth, and sugarcane yield is not affected by the intercrop. We conclude that Crotalaria spectabilis associated with a reduced herbicide dose contributes to sustainable integrated weed management in sugarcane, demonstrating agronomic viability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversidade genética de isolados brasileiros de Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Sydow & Sydow)
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2016-03-30) Bermejo, Gabriela Rastelli; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Carvalho, Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1559-3828; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2844751503530944; Carvalho, Sandremir de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-5722; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8684697240694261; Podanosqui, Adriana Maria Polizel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2507513800168563; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Marcelino-Guimarães, Francismar Corrêa; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-7249; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4585015105548818
Asian soybean rust (ASR) caused by obligate biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & P. Syd., Is a major disease that affects the culture of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], Causing losses in production in many producing areas of the world. The specific resistance to P. pachyrhizi fungus was found, so far, in six locus, called Rpp1, Rpp1b, Rpp2, Rpp3, Rpp4, Rpp5 and Rpp6. However this locus does not confer full resistance to the pathogen, hindering the development of effective cultivars. Therefore, knowledge of the genetic variability in populations of P. pachyrhizi and isolates are essential for breeding programs can perform an efficient strategic planning against the fungus that causes Asian soybean rust. Therefore, the objective of this study was to extend analysis initiated by Darben et al. (2012), from the use of dominant and co dominant markers to estimate the molecular diversity between monourediniais isolates of P. pachyrhizi and to a population of spores of the fungus. After successive cycles monouredinial culture in a separate leaves were obtained DNA six isolated monourediniais and one population collected in soybean producing regions in the country. The amplification seven pairs of AFLP primers showed an average genetic diversity was between pairs from 21.88% -77.98% (NIS), the greater diversity in pairs found between the isolated LLRV212 (MT) and the population (PR). The highest similarity was found between 80.35% LCA4A12 isolated (MG) and LLRV212 (MT). The Isolated LGO 112 (GO) presented 30 unique brands and not clumped together in the cluster formed by the other. In terms of inoculum selection, molecular results indicated this material as a major material to be considered for virulence phenotype analysis and aggressiveness. The five amplified SSR primers showed no polymorphism. It is possible to suggest that at least five of the seven tested materials represent sources of genetically distinct inoculations. It will now be essential to observe the molecular variation corresponds to some degree the phenotypic variation observed in soybean plants differentiated response on the different materials of the fungus.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da adubação com cama de aviário na cultura do milho para silagem e nos parâmetros microbiológicos do solo
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2014-05-09) Costa, Giancarlo Dalla; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Silva, Marcos Augusto Alves da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5570-8677; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4973981237909142; Silva, Adriana Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6044648047285095; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449
With crescent increase in brazilian chicken production, also remarkable the increase in poultry litter production appearing in this way, the need for a management and appropriate destination for this residue. The poultry litter use as a nutrient source for agriculture, including the maize, it is a valuable and promising alternative. The present research had the ambit to study maize productivity for silage as to: Dry Mass production [MS], Crude Protein [PB], Ether Extract [EE], Mineral matter [MM] and Organic Matter [MO] and microbiological soil properties, Microbial Biomass Carbon [CBM] and Metabolic Quotient [qCO2] and the relation CBM/ Total Organic Carbon [COT], in a Rhodic Eutrudox with mineral fertilizer (33 Kg N, 80 Kg P2O5 e 80 Kg K2O) and poultry litter (wood shavings and rice straw) with the treatments 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0 Mg ha-1 in consortium oats/maize grown under no-till on crop 2012/2013. The treatments with poultry litter received, at the sowing time, 1/3 mineral fertilizer. The soil sampling were performed in the layer 0 – 10 cm in the inter row at times different (1) oats, (2) after liming, (3) poultry litter after application (4) after herbicide, (5) after corn planting, (6) vegetative phase and (7) reproductive phase. the CBM and qCO2 values were influenced by anthropogenic activity in all treatments, highlighting the CBM fall and significant increase in quotient metabolic in the treatment with mineral fertilizers. The treatments that received poultry litter, the relation CBM/COT demonstrates greater efficiency in the carbon use, no significant changes between rice straw and wood shavings. For the MS production, there was no difference between treatments and nutrient sources, featured the treatments 7,5 PA and 10 MAR that showed the highest levels of protein and ether extract, similar the treatment with mineral fertilizers. Concluded that treatments with poultry litter favored the soil organic matter use, causing less microbiological activity disturbance and that the wood shavings and rice straw poultry litter can replace 2/3 of fertilization lossless or decrease production and corn silage characteristic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito de tríplice lavagem, do uso dos agentes descontaminantes e da limpeza prévia em diferentes pulverizadores no potencial de retirada do herbicida dicamba
(Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, 2024) Silva, Cassia Milena da; Gandolfo, Marco Antônio; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3752; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560552732033631; Matsumoto, Leopoldo Sussumu; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5102-545X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0857955043436449; Gandolfo, Ulisses Delvaz; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-0289; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8520084377953959
Decontamination of the hydraulic extraction circuit after dicamba applications is important to avoid injuries to sensitive crops, such as soybeans, which are not resistant to the herbicide. The efficiency of these procedures depends on several factors, including the number of washes and the material used to manufacture the reservoir. The objective of this work was to evaluate the amount of dicamba herbicide residue in the three sprayer rinse stages on two different models, using two decontaminating agents and using them with and without prior cleaning. In this trial, the herbicides Xtendicam® (1,5 L ha-1) and Roundup Transborb R® (3,0 L ha-1) and the adjuvant Xtend Protect® (0,1 L ha-1) and two decontaminating agents were used. Defuse Cromo® Spray Kit with Defuse A (1,5L ha-1) + Defuse B (0,25 Kg ha-1) and Tank Cleaner ICL® (0,2 Kg ha-1). In order to simulate a situation of high residue restriction inside the hydraulic circuit and high cleaning difficulty, the fungicide Unizeb Gold® (3,0 kg ha-1) was used. The self-propelled vehicles used were Jacto® 2000 Plus and John Deere® 4630, both with 2000 L reservoir capacity. The was conducted with 8 treatments, with 4 repetitions and 3 washes, to obtain results, high-performance liquid chromatography technology was used. Analysis of variance was performed using Sasm Agri software and treatment means were compared using the Scott-Knott test with 95% probability. The results showed that triple rinse of the hydraulic circuit was effective in decontaminating the sprayers. The John Deere® self propelled vehicle was easier to clean due to the tank material being made of polyethylene. The most efficient decontaminating agent was the Spray Defuse® Kit. Pre-washing showed greater results on the self-propelled Jacto®.